Introduction to Operating Systems: Types, Functions, and Goals

• Operating System (OS) is a program that manages computer hardware and provides a basis for application programs
• OS acts as an intermediary between computer users and computer hardware
• Examples of widely used Operating Systems include Windows, Linux, Ubuntu, macOS, iOS, and Android
• Computer hardware includes CPU, memory, I/O devices, and resources
• I/O devices include input devices (keyboard, mouse, microphone) and output devices (monitor, speakers)
• System Software and Application Software exist in a computer system
• System Software commands or modifies computer hardware, with OS being a type of system software
• Application Software performs specific tasks for users, such as word processors, spreadsheets, compilers, text editors, and web browsers
• Users interact with software and hardware through codes; an OS simplifies this interaction
• An OS provides a seamless and easy computing experience by managing computer hardware and acting as an intermediary between users and hardware.- The text discusses types of operating systems and their functions, as well as the goals of an operating system.
• Types of operating systems include: batch, time-sharing, distributed, network, real-time, multi-programming/multi-processing, and multi-tasking.
• Operating systems act as an interface between users and hardware, allocating resources efficiently.
• Functions of the operating system include managing memory, ensuring security, and managing input/output devices.
• Goals of the operating system are to provide convenience and efficiency.
• Convenience is achieved by making it easy for users to communicate with hardware, while efficiency is achieved by managing resources effectively.
• Most operating systems aim for both convenience and efficiency.
• The text provides an introduction to operating systems, with more detailed study to follow in the lecture series.

This text provides an overview of operating systems, covering types such as batch, time-sharing, distributed, network, real-time, multi-programming/multi-processing, and multi-tasking. It also discusses the functions of operating systems, including memory management, security, and input/output device management. Additionally, it explores the goals of operating systems, focusing on convenience and efficiency for users.