Introduction to Operating Systems and Process Management

The basic functions of an operating system include process management, memory management, and handling deadlocks.

The different types of operating systems discussed are multiprogramming, batch, time sharing, single user and multiuser, and real-time systems.

Non-preemptive scheduling allows a process to run until it finishes or blocks itself, while preemptive scheduling allows the operating system to forcibly switch between processes.

<p>Virtual memory allows programs to run with an address space larger than the available physical memory by using secondary storage (e.g., hard disk) to supplement main memory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The shell is a command-line interface that allows users to interact with the operating system by executing commands and running scripts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>System calls are the programmatic way for applications to request services from the operating system kernel.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deadlock prevention techniques ensure that at least one of the necessary conditions for deadlock can never hold, while deadlock avoidance techniques dynamically track resource allocation to avoid entering an unsafe state that could lead to deadlock.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pipes and filters allow the output of one program to be used as input for another program, enabling the chaining of multiple commands together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p><code>grep</code> is a pattern matching utility that can be used to search for specific patterns or strings within files or input streams.</p> Signup and view all the answers