Introduction to Object Oriented Programming

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

• The main advantage of using OOP is the ability to create reusable and modular code.
• An object in OOP is a self-contained entity that represents real-world objects or abstract concepts, and has properties and behaviors.

Object Composition

• An object encapsulates data and methods that operate on that data.
• Encapsulation is the bundling of data and methods that operate on that data within a single unit.

Object Interaction

• Objects interact with each other through methods, which are functions that belong to an object.
• Objects can send and receive messages to and from other objects, allowing them to interact and exchange data.

Basic Units of OOP

• The basic unit of OOP is a class, which is a blueprint or template for creating objects.
• A class combines data and functions into a single unit, defining the properties and behaviors of an object.

Characteristics of OOP

• Abstraction is the characteristic of OOP that permits the user to use an object without knowing its internal working.
• Abstraction allows users to focus on the object's interface and behavior, rather than its implementation details.

Memory Management

• A class is used to create a memory area for data and member functions together as a single entity in OOP.

Identifying Objects

• Each object is identified by its unique name, which is used to reference the object.

User-Defined Data Types

• OOP permits the creation of user-defined data types, allowing developers to create custom data types that meet specific needs.
• Classes enable the creation of user-defined data types, which can be used to represent complex data structures and behaviors.