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Questions and Answers
What are the two main components of an enzyme system?
What are the two main components of an enzyme system?
- Cofactor and product
- Apoenzyme and co-factor (correct)
- Apoenzyme and substrate
- Cofactor and substrate
Which suffix is commonly associated with enzymes?
Which suffix is commonly associated with enzymes?
- -ine
- -ose
- -ase (correct)
- -ol
How can a person's nutritional status be classified?
How can a person's nutritional status be classified?
- Optimal, sufficient, deficient
- Healthy, unhealthy, critical
- Malnutrition, starvation, obesity
- Good, fair, poor (correct)
What characterizes malnutrition?
What characterizes malnutrition?
Which of the following is NOT a form of undernutrition?
Which of the following is NOT a form of undernutrition?
Which condition describes a low weight-for-height in children?
Which condition describes a low weight-for-height in children?
What does overnutrition refer to?
What does overnutrition refer to?
Children with low weight-for-age can be categorized into which condition?
Children with low weight-for-age can be categorized into which condition?
What is the primary function of nutrients classified as 'Go Food'?
What is the primary function of nutrients classified as 'Go Food'?
Which of the following best describes the definition of food?
Which of the following best describes the definition of food?
What role do enzymes play in the body?
What role do enzymes play in the body?
Nutrients that help achieve homeostasis in the body are primarily categorized as what?
Nutrients that help achieve homeostasis in the body are primarily categorized as what?
What is the outcome of effective nutrition education over a person's lifetime?
What is the outcome of effective nutrition education over a person's lifetime?
Which one of the following does NOT represent a function of nutrients?
Which one of the following does NOT represent a function of nutrients?
What is the primary purpose of classifying nutrients according to their function?
What is the primary purpose of classifying nutrients according to their function?
Which category of nutrients primarily assists in building and maintaining tissues?
Which category of nutrients primarily assists in building and maintaining tissues?
What is the primary focus of Recommended Energy Intake/Nutrient Intake standards?
What is the primary focus of Recommended Energy Intake/Nutrient Intake standards?
Which aspect is NOT a characteristic of food quality?
Which aspect is NOT a characteristic of food quality?
Which of the following is a factor that affects food choices at the individual level?
Which of the following is a factor that affects food choices at the individual level?
What does the term 'fitness for use' imply in relation to food quality?
What does the term 'fitness for use' imply in relation to food quality?
According to the parameters of food quality, which component relates to consumer expectations?
According to the parameters of food quality, which component relates to consumer expectations?
Which factor is categorized under the macro-level environment affecting food choice?
Which factor is categorized under the macro-level environment affecting food choice?
What is a key element of prudent food labeling?
What is a key element of prudent food labeling?
Which of the following best defines the term 'identity of food' in food quality?
Which of the following best defines the term 'identity of food' in food quality?
What is the primary cause of obesity in individuals?
What is the primary cause of obesity in individuals?
How is Body Mass Index (BMI) calculated?
How is Body Mass Index (BMI) calculated?
Which of the following is classified as obesity in adults according to BMI?
Which of the following is classified as obesity in adults according to BMI?
What type of diseases are diet-related noncommunicable diseases (NCDs)?
What type of diseases are diet-related noncommunicable diseases (NCDs)?
Which of the following micronutrients is considered essential for proper growth and development?
Which of the following micronutrients is considered essential for proper growth and development?
What does an inadequate intake of essential vitamins and minerals indicate?
What does an inadequate intake of essential vitamins and minerals indicate?
What best defines 'imbalance nutrition'?
What best defines 'imbalance nutrition'?
Dietary requirements are defined as what?
Dietary requirements are defined as what?
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Study Notes
Nutrition Overview
- Nutrition is the science of food, nutrients, and their effects on health.
- It encompasses the processes by which organisms utilize materials for growth, maintenance, and energy.
- Effective nutrition education contributes to nutritional well-being throughout life.
Definition of Food and Nutrients
- Food refers to any organic or inorganic substance that nourishes the body, aiding in tissue building, energy supply, and bodily regulation.
- Nutrients are essential chemical components enabling the body to generate energy, build tissues, and regulate functions.
Types of Nutrients
- Three general functions:
- Provide Energy: Supports biochemical processes.
- Build and Repair Tissues: Necessary for organs and structures.
- Regulate Body Processes: Maintains balance and homeostasis.
- Nutrients categorized by function:
- Go Food: Provides energy.
- Grow Food: Builds body tissues.
- Glow Food: Regulates bodily functions.
Nutritional Status
- Nutritional status (nutriture) reflects a body's condition based on nutrient utilization.
- Classifications include optimal nutrition, malnutrition, and nutrient inefficiencies.
- Malnutrition entails deficiencies, excesses, or imbalances in nutrient intake.
Forms of Malnutrition
- Undernutrition: Insufficient nutrient intake leading to:
- Wasting: Low weight-for-height.
- Stunting: Low height-for-age.
- Underweight: Low weight-for-age.
- Overnutrition: Excessive nutrient intake leading to overweight and obesity.
- Specific Nutrient Deficiency: Lack of essential vitamins or minerals.
Overnutrition and Health Risks
- Overweight defined by a Body Mass Index (BMI) of 25 or more; obesity at 30 or more.
- Diet-related noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) arise from unhealthy diets, including cardiovascular diseases and diabetes.
Micronutrient-Related Malnutrition
- Deficiencies in vitamins and minerals hinder enzyme and hormone production.
- Critical deficiencies include iodine, vitamin A, and iron, affecting health globally.
Imbalance Nutrition
- Results from excess or insufficient intake of essential nutrients.
- Imbalance states may occur without absolute nutrient deficiencies.
Dietary Standards and Requirements
- Dietary standards provide minimum nutrient requirements for good health.
- Recommended Energy Intake (REI) and Nutrient Intake (RNI) are recognized guidelines for maintaining health.
Food Quality Considerations
- Food quality pertains to the degree of excellence in products, fitness for consumption, and consumer satisfaction.
- Criteria include identity, stability, sensory attributes, wholesomeness, and proper packaging.
Factors Influencing Food Choices
- Environmental and individual factors heavily impact food selection.
- Macro-level: Larger societal influences.
- Individual level: Personal preferences and needs.
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