29 Questions
What is the main difference between Baryons and Mesons?
Baryons are made of 3 quarks, while Mesons are made of a quark and an antiquark
What happens to particles and antiparticles when they are created in pairs?
They are created from the energy released by the collision of fast-moving particles
Which fundamental force holds quarks together in particles like protons and neutrons?
Strong force mediated by gluons
What are some key features of the scattering experiments for quarks conducted in the 1970s?
Using electron energies of 4 - 21 GeV
What percentage of all matter in the Universe is estimated to be made of quarks?
Approximately 99%
What property makes Baryons different from Mesons?
The number of quarks they are made of
What can X-ray production accompany?
electron capture or internal conversion
What is the significance of the resulting X-rays?
They are a signature to characterize decay modes and/or decaying species
What is the purpose of the Chart of Nuclei?
To plot all known nuclei as a function of Z and N
What characterizes an interaction between particles?
Both its strength and its range
What is associated with the exchange of particles?
Fundamental forces
What is the energy acquired by a particle of unit electrical charge when accelerated through a potential difference of 1 V?
1 eV
Which fundamental equation represents the interchangeability of mass and energy?
E = mc^2
What is the speed of light denoted by the letter 'c' in the equation E = mc^2?
299,792,458 km/s
Which unit of energy is equivalent to 1.602 x 10^-13 J?
1 MeV
Ionization in atomic processes involves the removal of:
Inner Electrons
What type of collision results in a different configuration or arrangement of electrons in an atom?
Excitation collision
What is the Lorentz factor, 𝛾, given by?
(1 − 𝛽2)−1∕2
Which particle's speed cannot exceed the speed of light?
All particles
What is the total energy of a particle denoted by, Etot, in terms of mass, kinetic energy, and rest energy?
Etot = mc2 = T + m0c2
What is the expression for kinetic energy, T, of a particle in terms of the Lorentz factor and rest mass?
T = (𝛾 − 1)m0c2
What is the total energy of a massless particle, like a photon, in terms of momentum?
Etot = pc
How are nucleons bound in the nucleus?
By attractive force
What is the term used to describe the energy liberated in the formation of a nucleus from its component nucleons?
Binding energy
Which term is used to represent the mass defect or difference between the measured mass and calculated mass of a nucleus?
δMA
What is the better stability indicator in terms of nuclear binding energy?
Binding energy per nucleon
What is the binding energy per nucleon for 16O?
7.97 MeV
What range does the binding energy vary in for nucleons in a nucleus?
5-8 MeV
What unit is used to measure the enthalpy of vaporization for water in the context provided?
eV
Test your knowledge on introductory concepts, atomic processes, nucleus, fundamental forces, Standard Model of Particles, De Broglie wave function, nuclear properties, and more from Chapter 1 and 2 of Week 1 Part 1 of NUSC 342 course.
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