Introduction to Networks
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Introduction to Networks

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Questions and Answers

What does the term 'network of networks' refer to in the context of the Internet structure?

  • A framework for regulating internet access charges
  • A series of local area networks without external connections
  • A connection of multiple independent ISPs linking together (correct)
  • A single large ISP controlling all internet traffic

    • Which factor is crucial for connecting millions of access ISPs together?

  • Unified hardware specifications across all ISPs
  • Standardized protocols for data exchange (correct)
  • A centralized database for user information
  • Mandatory partnerships with telecommunication companies

    • In a network of networks, what role do access providers play?

  • They manage the overall regulation of internet traffic
  • They create unique protocols for their exclusive use
  • They provide internet access to end-users or businesses (correct)
  • They store and maintain user data across multiple networks

    • What is a primary challenge in connecting numerous access ISPs?

    <p>Combining diverse data transmission technologies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes an Access ISP?

    <p>They offer internet access to users without direct network management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is implied about the nature of Internet structure?

    <p>It operates as a 'network of networks'.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is expected to happen in a market with one global ISP?

    <p>New competitors will enter the market.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term best describes the relationships between different ISPs?

    <p>Competitive networks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the structure of the Internet allow for regarding ISPs?

    <p>Opportunity for market competition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about the accessibility of the Internet?

    <p>Access varies widely based on different ISPs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of circuit switching compared to packet switching?

    <p>End-to-end allocated resources for each call</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which multiplexing technique allows simultaneous transmission over different frequency bands?

    <p>Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many users can actively use a 1 Gb/s link under circuit switching if each user requires 100 Mb/s?

    <p>10 users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), how is the transmission time allocated?

    <p>In fixed time slots to each user</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the circuit segment in circuit switching when it is not being used?

    <p>It remains dedicated and idle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the probability of having more than 10 active users in a network designed for packet switching with 35 users?

    <p>Probability less than 0.0004</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes packet switching?

    <p>It allows for dynamic sharing of resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) allocate to each call?

    <p>Dedicated frequency bands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of routing in the network core?

    <p>To manage local forwarding of packets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes packet-switching in a network?

    <p>Packets are forwarded individually after entire packets arrive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement is true regarding packet transmission delay?

    <p>It increases with the number of routers in the path</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'store-and-forward' refer to in packet-switching?

    <p>Storing packets temporarily before sending them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a forwarding table in packet forwarding?

    <p>To map header values to output links</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a network core, what does 'local forwarding' refer to?

    <p>Directing packets based on local forwarding tables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which function is NOT a key component of the network core?

    <p>Session initiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of header values in packet routing?

    <p>They specify the routing paths for packets</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of network structure is described by interconnected routers?

    <p>Mesh network</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of network performance is NOT typically measured?

    <p>Security level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concept described by the 'network of networks' structure of the Internet?

    <p>Multiple interconnected ISPs providing access to users.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best reflects the competitive nature of ISPs as described?

    <p>Competitors can coexist and strive to provide better services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of Internet access, what does the term 'ISP' stand for?

    <p>Internet Service Provider</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What implication does the existence of multiple ISPs have on user choice?

    <p>Users can select their preferred ISP based on service offerings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do ISPs play in the structure of the Internet?

    <p>They serve as gateways for users to access the global Internet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the interaction between different ISPs?

    <p>ISPs directly compete and attempt to outbid each other.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a likely outcome of competition among ISPs?

    <p>Enhanced services and lower prices for consumers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The mention of 'access' and 'net' in the Internet structure highlights what key aspect of ISPs?

    <p>Their role in facilitating connections to the Internet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Networks

    • The internet is a network that uses protocols to connect devices.
    • Network edge refers to the devices connecting to the network.
    • Network core is comprised of routers and switches.
    • Packet switching involves breaking messages into packets that are forwarded from one router to the next.
    • Circuit switching reserves dedicated bandwidth for each connection.
    • Network performance is measured by factors like loss, delay, and throughput.
    • Different kinds of security protocols help protect networks.

    Network Core Functions

    • Network core functions include routing and forwarding.
    • Routing refers to determining the path that packets should take to reach their destination.
    • Forwarding involves moving packets from one router's input link to the appropriate output link.

    Packet Switching

    • Packet switching allows for efficient use of network resources.
    • Packet switching can be impacted by queueing and delay.

    Circuit Switching

    • Circuit switching dedicates specific bandwidth for connections, ensuring consistent performance.
    • Frequency division multiplexing (FDM) divides the frequency spectrum into "bands" allocated to different users or connections.
    • Time division multiplexing (TDM) divides time into slots, allowing users to transmit during their allotted slots.

    Packet vs Circuit Switching

    • Packet switching offers better utilization of resources, enabling more users on a network.
    • Circuit switching guarantees bandwidth for each connection.

    Internet Structure

    • The internet is a "network of networks" where access ISPs connect to larger ISPs to form a global network.
    • This structure allows for competition and redundancy in the network.

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    Related Documents

    Week2_CCS2201_Introduction to Networks(1).pdf

    Description

    This quiz explores the fundamentals of computer networks, including the internet's architecture, packet switching, and circuit switching. Understand the roles of network edge and core, as well as performance measures like throughput and delay. Test your knowledge on essential network functions such as routing and forwarding.

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