Introduction to Natural Language Processing (NLP)

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Questions and Answers

Match the following terms with their correct definitions:

NLP = Natural Language Processing NLI = Natural Language Interface Al = Artificial Intelligence NL.P = Natural Language Processing

Match the following input methods with their descriptions:

Text commands = Commands fed into the computer system using input devices like keyboard and mouse Speech commands = Commands given to computers using human languages Text-to-speech = Technology that converts text into spoken words Speech-to-text = Technology that converts spoken words into text

Match the following technologies with their primary functions:

NLP = Making computers understand human languages Machine learning = Responding to new data based on algorithms Text-to-speech = Converting text into spoken words Speech-to-text = Converting spoken words into text

Match the following software with their functionality:

<p>Siri = Responding conversationally to voice commands Alexa = Understanding patterns of speech and producing human-like responses Knowledge Base = Source content for translating words and identifying patterns/context Algorithm = Pattern-seeking mechanism used by software on a large dataset</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following NLP tasks with their descriptions:

<p>Sentence Segmentation = Breaks a paragraph into different sentences Tokenization = Process of breaking speech or text into smaller chunks called tokens Sentiment Analysis = Determines the intent of a sentence and classifies sentiments into text Stemming and Lemmatization = Simplifies words into their root form</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components of NLP with their functions:

<p>Natural Language Understanding (NLU) = Helps the machine understand and analyze human language by extracting metadata Natural Language Generation (NLG) = Acts as a translator converting computerized text into natural language Alexa's Service = Identifies important words in instructions to carry out corresponding functions Amazon server = Sends back information to the device and speaks out responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following NLP terms with their definitions:

<p>Affix = Addition to the starting or ending of a word Root Word = The simplest form of a word after stemming or lemmatization Metadata = Information extracted from content like concepts, keywords, emotions, etc. Token = Smaller chunk resulting from tokenization</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following examples with their corresponding sentiment:

<p>I really like the movie = (Positive) I am not sure if I like the theme = (Neutral) The movie is dreadful = (Negative) Tum on the kitchen light = (Not applicable)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following actions with their outcomes in NLP processing:

<p>Recording individual sounds for analysis = Instructions broken down for efficient processing Comparing sounds to memory database = Finding closest word pronunciation match Converting computerized text into natural language = Function of Natural Language Generation (NLG) Breaking a paragraph into sentences = Step one in NLP task (Sentence Segmentation)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following tasks with their results in NLP processing:

<p>Sentence Segmentation = 1. The Republic Day of India is celebrated every year on 26th January., 2. The constitution of India came into effect on this day in the year 1950., 3. This is the national festival of India. Tokenization = KIPS, offers, IT, books, for, students Stemming and Lemmatization Simplification = playing -&gt; play Sentiment Analysis Examples Classification =</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Introduction to NLP

  • NLP (Natural Language Processing) is a combination of computer science, human language, and artificial intelligence.
  • NLP aims to create machines that can act like human beings, enabling interaction with computers using speech.

Working of NLP

  • NLP takes new data and responds like Siri does when we say "Hey Siri, call".
  • NLP's processing is conversational and looks for a pattern using an algorithm made by humans on a large dataset.
  • The AI software finds meaning in the patterns of speech by:
    • Taking in textual data
    • Translating words by comparing them with the source content (called the Knowledge Base)
    • Identifying patterns/context
    • Producing a human-like response

Example of Alexa

  • Alexa records your voice and sends it to the Amazon server for analysis.
  • The instructions are broken into individual sounds and compared to the memory database to match the words' pronunciation.
  • Alexa identifies important words to understand the task and carry out the corresponding functions.

Components of NLP

  • There are two components of NLP:
    • Natural Language Understanding (NLU): helps the machine to understand and analyze human language by extracting metadata from the content.
    • Natural Language Generation (NLG): acts as a translator that converts computerized text into natural language.

NLP Tasks and Techniques

  • Sentence Segmentation: breaks the paragraph into different sentences.
  • Tokenization: breaks speech or text into smaller chunks called tokens.
  • Sentiment Analysis: determines the intent of a sentence by classifying sentiments into text.
  • Stemming and Lemmatization: simplifies the word into its root word.

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