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Questions and Answers
What does the word 'nano' originate from?
What is the size of a human hair in nanometers?
Who is credited with pointing out the possibility of novel properties of a material at the nanometer length scale?
What is the term for the creation of functional materials, devices, and systems through control of matter on the nanometer length scale?
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What is the size range of nanotechnology?
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What is the main reason for the change in properties of materials in the nanoscale?
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What is an example of an artificial nanomaterial?
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What is the term for the study of material behavior at the nanoscale?
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Study Notes
Nanoscience Definition
- Nanoscience is the study of material behavior at the nanoscale.
- The prefix "nano" comes from the Greek word "Nanos", meaning "dwarf", and represents one billionth of a meter (0.000000001 m = 1 nm).
Scale of Nanometers
- To put the size of nanometers into perspective, a human hair is approximately 75,000 nm.
- A 1 nm size nanomaterial can have around 50 atoms, while a 20 nm size nanomaterial can accommodate around 10,000 atoms.
Interdisciplinary Science
- Nanoscience is an emerging, interdisciplinary science that involves physics, biology, chemistry, materials science, engineering, computer science, and more.
History of Nanotechnology
- Richard Feynman was the first to propose the idea of novel properties of materials at the nanometer length scale in his 1959 talk "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom".
- The term "nanotechnology" was coined in 1974 by Norio Taniguchi at the University of Tokyo.
Definition of Nanotechnology
- Nanotechnology is the creation of useful/functional materials, devices, and systems through control and manipulation of matter on the nanometer length scale (1-100 nm).
- It involves the exploitation of novel phenomena and properties that arise due to the nanometer length scale.
Properties of Nanomaterials
- Nanomaterials are materials with at least one dimension in the nanometric regime (1-100 nm) and at least one size-dependent property.
- Properties that can change at the nanoscale include physical, chemical, biological, magnetic, optical, electrical, and mechanical properties.
Examples of Nanomaterials
- Natural nanomaterials: DNA, viruses.
- Artificial nanomaterials: carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, inorganic nanowires, metal quantum dots.
Reasons for Property Changes
- The properties of materials in the nanoscale change mainly due to two reasons:
- Quantum size effect.
- Increase in surface to volume ratio.
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of nanoscience, including the definition, scale, and properties of nanomaterials. Learn about the fascinating world of nanoscale materials and their applications.
