Introduction to Microorganisms and Pathogenicity

<p>Immune system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vaccination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Venola virus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Avoiding mosquito bites (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>High fever with blister (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By producing toxins that may harm the host (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Zoonotic diseases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nutrient supplementation for the host (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Manufactured products (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Accommodation of opportunistic infections (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inducing tissue changes that may lead to cancers (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microbes can only survive in one type of reservoir. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anemia resulting from malaria infection (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Synthesize and degrade organic substances (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pathogenicity involves disease-causing microbes while flora does not (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By flying through the air to enter the body (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Skin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nisseria gonorrhea (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Establish contact, multiply, and colonize the host (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>On skin and body fluids, and in tissues (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Understanding microbial diseases can reduce their incidence (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contaminated food and water (Oral-faecal route) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inhalation of droplets from coughs or sneezes (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contagions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They facilitate transmission while feeding on the host's blood. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sharing toiletries or clothing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microbes are expelled in droplets into the surrounding air. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inadequate sanitary procedures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Some pathogens can remain infective even after droplets have dried. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By sharing clothing and personal effects (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scaly bald patches (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Protozoans (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ensuring personal cleanliness (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It needs a female Anopheles mosquito to complete its life cycle. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scaly bald patches (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It leads to more severe malaria cases. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Antiseptic devices (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Loss of sensation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mycobacterium tuberculosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pneumococcus sp (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Restricted intercourse (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Contagion by sexual contact (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lockjaw spasm (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Neisseria gonorrhoeae (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Isolation of infected individuals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pneumonia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Improper treatment of wounds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Organisms too small to be seen without a microscope, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa.

The ability of a microbe to cause disease in a host.

The normal microbes that live on the surface of our body, usually harmless or even beneficial.

Regions where pathogens reside and can be transmitted from.

The process by which microbes enter and establish themselves within a host.

The outer layer of skin that acts as a barrier against invading microbes.

Chemical substances produced by microbes that help them break down barriers and invade a host.

Openings on the body like the mouth, nose, anus, and vagina that provide entry points for microbes.

Microscopic organisms that can cause disease, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa.

The process of being infected by a pathogen.

The ability of a microbe to survive and multiply within a host, often harming the host in the process.

Harmful substances produced by pathogens that can damage host cells and tissues.

Diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans.

The transfer of microorganisms from one host to another.

A method of microbial transmission where a contaminated substance, like food or water, is ingested.

A mode of transmission involving direct contact between an infected individual and a susceptible host, such as through kissing, sexual intercourse, or sharing personal items.

A method of transmission where microorganisms are spread by respiratory droplets released through coughing, sneezing, or talking.

A mode of transmission involving contact with contaminated objects such as toiletries, clothing, or surfaces.

A method of transmission where microorganisms are transferred via the bite of an infected insect or other vector.

The entry point for microorganisms into a host.

A type of virus that causes a range of diseases, including polio, measles, and rabies.

A term used to describe a viral disease that can be passed from animals to humans.

A viral disease that can cause paralysis, mainly affecting young children.

A highly contagious viral disease that causes a characteristic rash.

A viral disease that can cause fever, headache, and yellowing of the skin and eyes.

A highly contagious viral disease that can cause a severe skin rash and death.

A common viral infection that causes a runny nose, headache, and sneezing.

A viral disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that weakens the immune system, making the body susceptible to other infections.

A fungal infection that causes scaly, ring-shaped patches on the skin, often on the scalp, thighs, and armpits.

A fungal infection that affects the feet, causing itchy, scaly, or blistered skin between the toes.

Root-like structures that help fungi absorb nutrients from their environment.

A single-celled organism that can cause disease in humans.

A parasitic protozoan that causes malaria, a serious disease that affects red blood cells.

The female Anopheles mosquito that transmits the Plasmodium parasite, causing malaria.

A disease caused by the Plasmodium parasite, transmitted by mosquitoes, characterized by fever, chills, and headache.

A disease caused by the Trypanosoma parasite, transmitted by the tsetse fly, characterized by fever, lethargy, and sleeping problems.

A bacterial infection that causes fever, coughing, and irritation of the respiratory tract. It can be transmitted through droplets released by coughing or sneezing.

An often fatal bacterial infection that causes lockjaw, muscle spasms, and difficulty breathing. It can be acquired through contaminated wounds.

A bacterial infection that causes inflammation of the lungs, leading to chest pain, high fever, and persistent coughing. It can be spread through respiratory droplets.

This chronic bacterial infection can cause skin lesions, loss of sensation, and nerve damage. It can spread through prolonged close contact with an infected individual.

A sexually transmitted bacterial infection that can cause inflammation and discharge in the reproductive organs, difficulty urinating, and sterility. It can be contracted through sexual contact.

A sexually transmitted bacterial infection that can cause mental impairment, skin blisters, and organ damage. It can be spread through sexual contact.

A bacterial infection that causes diarrhea, dehydration, and often death, particularly in children. It is spread primarily through contaminated water and food.

A bacterial infection that causes inflammation of the brain and spinal cord, leading to fever, stiff neck, and headache. It can be spread through contaminated food or water.

A bacterial infection that causes sore throat, fever, and swollen lymph nodes. It is spread through respiratory droplets.

A bacterial infection that causes food poisoning, leading to vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal cramps. It is often associated with contaminated food.