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Questions and Answers
From which three Greek words is the name 'microbiology' derived?
What does microbiology study?
Who made the first useful microscopes and was the first to observe and describe single-celled organisms?
What type of microscope is usually required for studying microorganisms?
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Where can microorganisms be found?
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Who improved the design of Leeuwenhoek's microscope and drew details of the structure of plant cells and some microbes?
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Who developed the first useful drug against a variety of bacterial infections?
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Which branch of microbiology is concerned with the study of parasites?
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Who demonstrated that microorganisms are present in the air?
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What did Sir Alexander Fleming discover?
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Which branch of microbiology is concerned with the study of viruses?
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What is the main focus of mycology as a branch of microbiology?
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Who discovered streptomycin as an antibiotic?
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What is the branch of microbiology concerned with the studying of algae?
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Which scientist synthesized the first successful (but very toxic) drug against syphilis?
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What percentage of known species of bacteria are considered beneficial?
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Study Notes
Origin of Microbiology
- The name 'microbiology' is derived from three Greek words.
Definition of Microbiology
- Microbiology studies microorganisms, including their structure, function, and interactions with the environment.
Early Microscopy
- Antonie van Leeuwenhoek made the first useful microscopes and was the first to observe and describe single-celled organisms.
Microscope Requirements
- A compound light microscope is usually required for studying microorganisms.
Habitat of Microorganisms
- Microorganisms can be found almost everywhere, in various environments and ecosystems.
Improvements in Microscopy
- Christiaan Huygens improved the design of Leeuwenhoek's microscope and drew detailed descriptions of plant cells and some microbes.
Development of Antibiotics
- German chemist Gerhard Domagk developed the first useful drug against a variety of bacterial infections.
Parasitology
- Parasitology is the branch of microbiology concerned with the study of parasites.
Microorganisms in the Air
- Italian priest and biologist Lazzaro Spallanzani demonstrated that microorganisms are present in the air.
Discovery of Penicillin
- Sir Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin, a natural antibiotic.
Virology
- Virology is the branch of microbiology concerned with the study of viruses.
Mycology
- Mycology, as a branch of microbiology, focuses on the study of fungi, including their structure, function, and interactions with the environment.
Streptomycin
- American microbiologist Selman Waksman discovered streptomycin as an antibiotic.
Phycology
- Phycology is the branch of microbiology concerned with the study of algae.
Syphilis Treatment
- German scientist Paul Ehrlich synthesized the first successful (but very toxic) drug against syphilis.
Beneficial Bacteria
- Only about 1-2% of known species of bacteria are considered beneficial.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the basics of microbiology including its history, branches, and applications. Explore the characteristics of microorganisms and their significance in science.
