Introduction to Material Failure

<p>Compression and decompression of the cabin chamber (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They exhibit significant energy absorption before failure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Humid and salty coastal conditions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Static failures occur under constant load while dynamic failures occur under fluctuating loads (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It amplified stress leading to crack formation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Return to original shape after load removal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plastic failure (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Rate of stress application (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fatigue fracture (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Induced by repetitive mechanical contact (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It breaks more easily than an intact paper (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Separation into pieces due to imposed stress (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Elevated temperatures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It starts at the fold and continues on that line (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ductile fractures can show significant plastic deformation before failure. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dynamic loading over multiple cycles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Loss of functionality (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>When notched or damaged (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Constant load shows decreasing deformation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Irregular and fibrous appearance (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lead and pure gold (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microvoid coalescence (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Plastic deformation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ductile fracture (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Perpendicular to applied tensile stress (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flat surfaces with chevron markings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By elevating their temperatures (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Low energy absorption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Microvoids begin to form (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shiny and smooth with visible patterns (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transgranular (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ridges radiating from crack's origin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An elliptical crack forms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The failure of a material due to stress, environmental conditions or flaws.

A type of fracture characterized by significant plastic deformation before failure.

A type of fracture that occurs without any significant plastic deformation; sudden and rapid breaks.

The growth of a crack in a material under applied stress, often leading to failure.

The slow deformation of materials under sustained load over time, often at high temperatures.

The decrease in stress in a material over time under constant strain.

The weakening of a material caused by repeated cycles of stress, eventually leading to failure.

The gradual destruction of materials, often metal, due to chemical reactions with their environment.

The ability of a material to undergo significant plastic deformation before rupture.

A stage in plastic deformation where the material becomes localized in a narrow region before fracture.

Small cavities formed within the material during deformation leading to fracture.

A type of ductile fracture characterized by a cup-shaped surface and a conical projection.

V-shaped markings found on brittle fracture surfaces, indicating crack initiation.

The process of fracture where cracks propagate along specific crystallographic planes in brittle materials.

A type of fracture that passes through the grains of a material.

Distinctive visual features on a fracture surface indicating the type of failure (ductile vs. brittle).

The capacity of a material to absorb energy before fracture occurs.

Refers to materials that exhibit a certain degree of ductility, allowing for necking and some deformation before fracture.

Materials like pure gold and lead that can show nearly 100% necking before fracture.

The characteristic surface of a brittle fracture, showing little plastic deformation.

A system used to ensure aircraft safety by detecting fatigue damage.

Categories of failures in materials, primarily deformation and fracture.

Failure due to changes in shape under stress, which may be elastic or plastic.

Temporary change in shape; returns to original form after load removal.

Permanent change in material shape due to excessive stress.

Slow, time-dependent deformation under constant stress over time.

Breaks in materials classified as ductile or brittle based on loading type.

Changing forces applied to materials, leading to fatigue and eventual failure.

Wear and corrosion due to repeated mechanical contact and small movements.

Separation of a material into parts due to imposed static stress.

Experiment demonstrating how notches weaken material for easier breaking.

Demonstrates how folding impacts the force needed to break paper.

A test to measure material strength by applying tension until it breaks.