Introduction to Management

Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of managers in an organization?

To oversee the work of operatives

To create systems and conditions that enable others to perform tasks (correct)

To accomplish goals individually

To perform tasks directly

According to Mary Parker Follett, what is the art of management?

Managing organizational resources

Setting organizational goals

Getting things done through people (correct)

Getting things done individually

What is a common characteristic of all organizations?

Distinct purpose and goals (correct)

Hierarchical structure

No systematic arrangement

Single-person operation

Who are operatives in an organization?

People who work directly on a job or task Signup and view all the answers

What is an organization, according to the exhibit?

A social entity that is goal-directed and deliberately structured Signup and view all the answers

What do managers do, according to Peter Drucker?

Provide leadership and decide how to use organizational resources to accomplish goals Signup and view all the answers

What is the emphasis of the WHO definition of management?

Getting things done through people Signup and view all the answers

According to McMahon et al (1992), what is the role of good management in an organisation?

To ensure the smooth functioning of all parts Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of the health management module?

People management Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the learning objectives of this session?

To understand the importance of managers in organisations Signup and view all the answers

What is management, according to one of the definitions?

Planning, organising, directing and controlling Signup and view all the answers

Why is the WHO definition of management used as a theme throughout this module?

Because it highlights the importance of people management Signup and view all the answers

What do managers need to remember, according to the content?

That without people, nothing will get done Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the key concepts of management, according to the content?

Getting things done through people Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for directing the day-to-day activities of operative employees?

First-line Managers Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary responsibility of Top Managers?

Making decisions about the direction of the organization Signup and view all the answers

What is management?

The attainment of organizational goals in an effective and efficient manner Signup and view all the answers

Who is an example of a Middle Manager?

Incharge of ICU Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of First-line Managers in an organization?

Directing the day-to-day activities of operative employees Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of effective management?

Attainment of organizational goals Signup and view all the answers

What does efficiency refer to in the context of management?

The relationship between inputs and outputs Signup and view all the answers

Which management function involves defining goals and establishing strategy?

Planning Signup and view all the answers

What type of skill involves the cognitive ability to see the organization as a whole system?

Conceptual Skills Signup and view all the answers

During which times are management skills tested most?

Turbulent times Signup and view all the answers

What is a common failure of managers, according to the text?

Treating employees as instruments Signup and view all the answers

What are functional departments like advertising and sales examples of?

Horizontal differences Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of controlling as a management function?

Monitoring performance and correcting deviations Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between first-line managers and top managers?

Their position in the organizational hierarchy Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of eg. manufacturing and marketing?

To perform the support function and contribute indirectly to the business Signup and view all the answers

What are the different disciplines that management relates to?

Sociology, Psychology, Economics, and Philosophy Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of today's best managers?

They focus on coaching and providing guidance Signup and view all the answers

What is required to be a successful manager?

A blend of formal learning and practice Signup and view all the answers

What type of organization do today's best managers create?

Fast, flexible, innovative, and relationship-oriented organizations Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Mintzberg's Manager Roles in the context of management?

To describe the different roles a manager plays Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

What is Management?

Management is not easy to define, but it involves getting things done, saying what needs to be done, and getting it done.
It involves planning, organizing, directing, and controlling: the art of getting things done by and through people (WHO, 1993).
Good management is essential for the smooth functioning of an organization, just like health is to the body.

Who Are Managers?

Managers are the executive function of the organization, building and coordinating the entire system.
They create systems and conditions that enable others to perform tasks and ensure the department or organization will survive and thrive.
Managers recognize the key role of people and give direction to their organization, provide leadership, and decide how to use organizational resources to accomplish goals.

Where Do Managers Work?

Managers work in organizations, which are systematic arrangements of people brought together to accomplish a specific purpose.
Common characteristics of organizations include distinct purpose and goals, people, and systematic structure.

Organization Levels

Operatives are people who work directly on a job or task and have no responsibility for overseeing the work of others.
Managers are individuals in an organization who direct the activities of others.
There are three levels of management: first-line, middle, and top managers.

Management Processes/Functions

The management process involves planning, organizing, leading, and controlling (P-O-L-C).
Planning includes defining goals, establishing strategy, and developing plans to coordinate activities.
Organizing involves determining what tasks to be done, who is to do them, and how the tasks are to be grouped.
Leading includes motivating employees, directing the activities of others, and resolving conflicts.
Controlling involves monitoring performance, comparing it with goals, and correcting any significant deviations.

Management Skills

Managers need conceptual, interpersonal, and technical skills to be successful.
Conceptual skills involve seeing the organization as a whole system.
Human skills involve working with and through other people.
Technical skills involve understanding and proficiency in specific tasks.

Relationship of Skills to Management

Management skills are tested most during turbulent times.
Common failures of managers include poor communication, failure to listen, poor interpersonal skills, treating employees as instruments, and failure to clarify direction and performance expectations.

Management Types

There are vertical differences in management, including top, middle, and first-line managers.
There are also horizontal differences, including functional departments like advertising, manufacturing, and sales.

How Does Management Relate to Other Disciplines?

Management relates to sociology, political science, psychology, economics, philosophy, and anthropology.

The Transition to a New Workplace

Today's best managers focus on coaching and providing guidance, creating organizations that are fast, flexible, innovative, and relationship-oriented.
A successful manager requires a blend of formal learning (science) and practice (art).

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Description

Learn about the basics of management, its importance, and the roles of managers in an organization.