Introduction to Law: Definition, Nature, and Classifications

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What is the primary element of the definition of law according to the text?

Ordained for the common benefit
Prescribed by legitimate authority
Must be just
A rule of conduct (correct)

Which type of law is described as 'binding to the whole world, in all countries and at all times'?

Statutory law
Administrative law
Case law
Natural law (correct)

Which element of the definition of law requires that the law must be 'ordained for the common benefit'?

The law must be prescribed by legitimate authority (correct)
The law must be obligatory
The law must be just
The law must be a rule of conduct

Which of the following is NOT one of the elements of the definition of law as presented in the text?

The law must be prescribed by God (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of law according to the definition provided in the text?

To ensure the common benefit of all people (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of natural law as described in the text?

It is created by the legislature (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of Procedural or Adjective Law?

To set the courts in motion and make the facts known to them (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a source of law?

Court Decisions (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which legal system is described as having the principle of 'an eye for an eye'?

Mesopotamian Legal System (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of Substantive Private Law?

To declare the legal relations of litigants (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a source of law mentioned in the text?

Judicial Interpretation (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of the Mesopotamian Legal System described in the text?

Both a and b (C) Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of law during the Roman Monarchy period?

To constrain the exercise of political power, particularly of tyrants whose policies represented only their own interests and not the good of the community. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the last King of Rome during the Monarchy period?

Tarquinus Superbus (B) Signup and view all the answers

What was the main characteristic of the Roman Republic period in terms of government?

All of the above. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What eventually happened to the barrier between Patricians and Plebians during the Roman Republic period?

The barrier was eventually removed due to continuing demands for reform. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the role of law during the Roman Monarchy period?

Law was seen as an instrument to constrain political power and represent the interests of the community. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the rebellion led by Junius Brutus against the last Etruscan King of Rome?

To establish a Republic and remove the barrier between Patricians and Plebians. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is presumed about the legislature in terms of judicial construction?

They were acquainted with and had in mind the judicial construction of former statutes. (A) Signup and view all the answers

According to statutory construction, what is a judge's duty in deciding every case?

To apply laws without fear or favor. (A) Signup and view all the answers

In criminal cases, what is the established rule when there is no law punishing a certain act?

The act remains unpunishable. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What sources can be consulted in interpreting laws according to statutory construction?

Rules of statutory construction and legal commentators' opinions. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What can a judge not do based on Article 9 of the New Civil Code?

Apply laws with fear or favor. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What should customs be in order to be considered by the courts?

Not contrary to law, public order, or public policy. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Rule of Law?

To establish a framework of well-established public norms that constrain the exercise of authority. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best represents the age-old debate in political thought?

Whether it is better for a society to be ruled by the 'best law' or the 'best person'. (B) Signup and view all the answers

According to Herodotus, as quoted in the text, what did the Spartan king suggest about the relationship between the Greeks and the law?

The Greeks were free, but not entirely free, as they were subject to the rule of law. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best represents the definition of law provided?

Law is a set of commands or prohibitions that dictate what citizens ought to do, often accompanied by the threat of punishment or coercion by the state. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best represents the role of citizens in relation to the Rule of Law?

Citizens are expected to respect and comply with legal norms, even when they disagree with them. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements best represents the significance of the Rule of Law in liberal political morality?

The Rule of Law is one of many ideals that dominate liberal political morality, serving as a framework for evaluating social and political systems. (A) Signup and view all the answers