Introduction to Law Concepts

False (B)

Resources are physical things, while property refers to the right to possess those resources.

<p>federal</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Common Law = Relies heavily on judicial decisions and precedents Civil Law = Involves compensatory damages Criminal Law = Involves penalties such as imprisonment</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It serves as the highest legal authority. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Property acts as a boundary that protects the right to possess resources from others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shareholder primacy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Federal law is supreme over state law.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Stakeholder</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Supremacy Clause = Constitution and federal law is supreme over state law. Commerce Clause = Regulates trade between states and foreign nations. Contract Clause = Prohibits states from impairing contract obligations. Eminent Domain = Government’s right to take private property for public use.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maximizing shareholder profits (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>5th Amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1st</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Strict scrutiny = Applied to laws affecting fundamental rights or suspect classifications. Quasi-strict scrutiny = Applied to laws involving important but not fundamental rights. Minimal rationality scrutiny = Applied to laws that do not touch on fundamental rights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To build a public road. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Horizontal and Vertical</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>states</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A federal law regulating labor conditions for interstate shipping. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Equal Protection under the law (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The three levels of scrutiny are: Minimum Rationality (Rational Basis Test), Quasi-Strict Scrutiny (Intermediate Scrutiny), and Strict Scrutiny.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>substantive</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Strict Scrutiny (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Lawyers = Advocates for their clients, presenting evidence and arguments to persuade the judge and jury Judges = Operate and control the courtroom, determining the law and, in some cases, finding facts Juries = Triers of fact, determining guilt or liability based on the evidence presented</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Procedural Due Process focuses on how the government enforces the law, ensuring fair procedures like notice, hearings, and legal representation. Substantive Due Process examines whether the law itself is fair and just, protecting fundamental rights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>minimum rationality</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It requires all states to follow the exact same laws and regulations. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Subject matter jurisdiction refers to a court's authority to hear a particular type of case based on the legal issue or subject matter involved. Courts must have subject matter jurisdiction to decide a case.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>general</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Defendant's possession of a driver's license in the state (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trial courts are where the initial proceedings in a case take place, including evidence presentation and factual determination. Appellate courts review decisions from lower courts, focusing on legal errors or misinterpretations of the law.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Signup and view all the answers

<p>Fourteenth</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>hearing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A lawyer's main goal is to inform and persuade both the judge and jury in decision-making. They do this by presenting evidence, points of law, and arguments in the adversarial process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The principle that all laws are equally applied and enforced.

Legal system relying on judicial decisions and precedents (stare decisis).

Legal system based on written codes and statutes, less on past cases.

The legal right to possess, use, and manage resources.

Resources are physical items; property refers to ownership rights over those items.

Legal framework for crimes, involves penalties like imprisonment or fines.

Legal framework dealing with non-criminal disputes, often involving damages.

The structure where the U.S. Constitution is the supreme legal authority.

Specific laws override general laws when both apply.

More recent laws take precedence over older ones.

Courts interpret laws and resolve conflicts.

Focuses solely on maximizing shareholder profits.

Considers the interests of all stakeholders.

Companies prioritize shareholder wealth above all.

Moral obligation to protect interests of all stakeholders.

Divides government into legislative, executive, judiciary branches.

Separation of powers between federal and state governments.

Federal law supersedes state law when in conflict.

Gives Congress the power to regulate trade between states.

States cannot pass laws impairing obligations of contracts.

The government can take private property for public use with compensation.

Legal requirement for fair treatment through the judicial process.

Legal standard ensuring individuals are treated equally under the law.

Focuses on HOW the government enforces laws; requires notice, hearings, and representation.

Focuses on whether laws themselves are fair and protect fundamental rights.

Bill of Rights applies to states through 14th Amendment's Due Process Clause.

Requires laws to treat people equally—valid justification required.

Courts use three levels to determine if laws are constitutional.

Easiest scrutiny level; laws must have a rational basis for legitimate interests.

Harder test; law must be substantially related to an important government interest.

Hardest scrutiny level; applies to race and fundamental rights.

Ensure fair administration of justice, advocate for clients, maintain confidentiality.

Control courtroom, decide legal questions, sometimes determine facts.

Triers of fact in a trial, traditionally made up of 12 members.

Court's authority to hear a particular type of case based on the topic.

A court's authority over the people involved in a case.

General courts can hear almost any case; limited courts handle specific cases.