Introduction to Information Technology

An organization's cybersecurity strategy mandates routine penetration testing. If a penetration test reveals multiple critical vulnerabilities in the web application, what is the MOST appropriate next step?

A company is migrating its on-premises database to a cloud-based data warehouse. Which of the following considerations is MOST critical during the data migration process to maintain data integrity and minimize downtime?

During the development of a financial application, developers discover a vulnerability that allows unauthorized users to bypass authentication. Which SDLC phase would have been MOST effective in preventing this vulnerability, and what specific activity should have been performed?

An organization's incident response plan includes a 'lessons learned' phase after every security incident. What is the PRIMARY goal of this phase?

A large e-commerce company is experiencing frequent denial-of-service (DoS) attacks that disrupt its online services. Which strategy would be the MOST effective in mitigating these attacks while minimizing the impact on legitimate users?

An organization wants to implement a data loss prevention (DLP) solution. Which approach would be MOST effective in preventing sensitive data from being exfiltrated via email?

A software development team is using an Agile methodology. How can they BEST integrate security considerations into their sprints?

An organization is implementing multi-factor authentication (MFA). Which of the following MFA methods offers the BEST security against phishing attacks?

A company wants to implement a data governance program. What is the MOST critical first step in establishing this program?

A software development team is using microservices architecture. What is the BEST approach to securing communication between microservices?

An organization is planning to move its applications to a cloud environment. Which cloud service model gives the organization the MOST control over the underlying infrastructure?

A database administrator needs to implement a backup and recovery strategy for a critical database. Which strategy provides the FASTEST recovery time objective (RTO)?

A software development team is using a version control system (VCS). What is the PRIMARY benefit of using branching in the VCS?

An organization is concerned about insider threats. Which of the following security measures is MOST effective in mitigating this risk?

A security analyst discovers a suspicious file on a compromised system. What is the BEST approach to analyze the file and determine its purpose?

An organization wants to ensure the confidentiality of data stored in a cloud environment. Which of the following is the MOST effective measure?

A company wants to improve its security posture by implementing a security information and event management (SIEM) system. Which capability is MOST important for a SIEM system to effectively detect and respond to security incidents?

A software development company is adopting a DevOps approach. What is the PRIMARY goal of integrating security into the DevOps pipeline (DevSecOps)?

A database administrator needs to implement a solution to protect sensitive data stored in a database from unauthorized access. Which technique provides the MOST robust protection against both internal and external threats?

An organization wants to implement a zero-trust security model. What is the KEY principle behind this model?

A cybersecurity analyst is investigating a phishing email that bypassed the organization's spam filters. What is the MOST effective way to prevent similar emails from reaching users in the future?

A data scientist is working on a project that involves analyzing sensitive customer data. Which of the following techniques would BEST protect the privacy of the customers while still allowing the data scientist to perform meaningful analysis?

A software development team is planning to use open-source libraries in their project. What is the MOST important consideration regarding the security of these libraries?

An organization is required to comply with GDPR. What is the MOST important principle to consider when collecting and processing personal data?

A company is experiencing slow performance with its database queries. Which of the following optimization techniques would typically provide the MOST significant improvement in query performance?

A software development team has identified a critical bug in their application that needs to be fixed immediately. Which approach would be MOST appropriate for deploying the fix to the production environment with minimal disruption?

A cloud service provider experiences a major outage that affects multiple customers. What is the MOST important aspect of the provider's incident response plan from the perspective of a customer?

An organization is implementing a data warehouse. Which type of schema is BEST suited for providing a simplified and easily understandable view of the data for business users?

A software development team is using continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD). What is the PRIMARY benefit of automating the deployment process?

A company is implementing a new enterprise resource planning (ERP) system. What is the MOST critical factor for ensuring the success of the implementation?

A security architect is designing a network security architecture. Which of the following security controls is MOST effective in preventing lateral movement by attackers within the network?

A data engineer is designing a data lake. What is the MOST important consideration when choosing a storage format for the data?

A software development team is implementing a service-oriented architecture (SOA). What is the PRIMARY benefit of using standardized interfaces and protocols for communication between services?

An organization is implementing a new customer relationship management (CRM) system. What is the MOST important step to take to ensure data quality during the migration from the old system to the new system?

A cybersecurity team is conducting a threat hunting exercise. What is the PRIMARY goal of threat hunting?

A DBA is implementing a disaster recovery plan for a critical database. Which of the following strategies would provide the LOWEST Recovery Point Objective (RPO)?