CH 7: Introduction to Homeostasis
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Questions and Answers

What is the optimal temperature range for human enzymes to operate efficiently?

  • 40°C - 45°C
  • 20°C - 25°C
  • 35°C - 40°C (correct)
  • 25°C - 30°C

    • Why is it crucial to maintain blood glucose levels within a tight range?

  • To ensure proper nerve impulse transmission
  • To provide a steady supply of energy (correct)
  • To prevent dehydration
  • To maintain acid-base balance

    • Which of the following conditions can result from high concentrations of carbon dioxide?

  • Dehydration
  • Alkalosis
  • Acidosis (correct)
  • Hyperglycemia

    • What is the primary role of hormones like insulin and glucagon in regulating blood glucose levels?

    <p>Facilitating glucose uptake by cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which body system plays a crucial role in expelling excess carbon dioxide to maintain acid-base balance?

    <p>Respiratory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of feedback loop is most common in homeostatic regulation?

    <p>Negative feedback loops</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if body temperature rises above the optimal range?

    <p>Sweating and vasodilation are activated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following mechanisms helps maintain the balance between water and electrolytes in the body?

    <p>Thirst response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event is typically associated with positive feedback loops?

    <p>Childbirth</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What conditions can arise from disruptions in homeostasis?

    <p>Diabetes and hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does homeostasis represent in biology and medicine?

    <p>The ability of the body to maintain a stable internal environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the mechanisms that detect and respond to deviations in physiological conditions?

    <p>Homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What provides the stable conditions required for efficient cellular function?

    <p>Constant internal environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primarily refers to the fluid that bathes cells in the internal environment?

    <p>Tissue fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who famously described the internal environment as 'milieu intérieur'?

    <p>Claude Bernard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a variable that homeostasis helps regulate?

    <p>Hair color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does tissue fluid supply to cells in the internal environment?

    <p>Nutrients</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of organisms benefit significantly from homeostasis?

    <p>Complex multicellular organisms like humans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What plays a crucial role in ensuring variables like pH remain within strict limits?

    <p>'Feedback loops and regulatory processes'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Milieu intérieur' refers to the _______?

    <p>'Internal environment'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary energy source for cells in the human body?

    <p>Glucose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following conditions can result from disruptions in homeostasis?

    <p>Hypertension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do negative feedback loops contribute to homeostasis?

    <p>By countering changes in physiological parameters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is responsible for maintaining the balance between water and electrolytes in the body?

    <p>Thirst response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if blood glucose levels fall below the tight range required for cellular energy supply?

    <p>Triggering the release of glucose from energy stores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system plays a crucial role in expelling excess carbon dioxide to maintain acid-base balance?

    <p>Respiratory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to regulate carbon dioxide levels in the body?

    <p>To avoid acidosis and disruptions in enzyme activity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do positive feedback loops differ from negative feedback loops in homeostasis?

    <p>Positive feedback loops amplify responses and are associated with rapid outcomes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do hormones like insulin and glucagon play in regulating blood glucose levels?

    <p>Facilitating glucose uptake or release from energy stores</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the optimal temperature range for human enzymes to operate efficiently?

    <p>37°C (98.6°F)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term describes the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment despite changing external conditions?

    <p>Homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is crucial for the optimal functioning of cells, tissues, and organs in complex multicellular organisms?

    <p>Precise regulation of the internal environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do feedback loops and regulatory processes primarily aim to ensure in homeostasis?

    <p>Stable internal environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which fluid primarily supplies nutrients and removes waste products from the cellular environment?

    <p>Tissue fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In homeostasis, what must remain relatively constant for cells to function effectively?

    <p>Composition of tissue fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is famously credited with describing the internal environment as 'milieu intérieur'?

    <p>Claude Bernard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following mechanisms is essential for detecting and responding to deviations in physiological conditions?

    <p>Nervous system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of tissue fluid in maintaining cellular function?

    <p>Supplying nutrients to cells and removing waste</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if there is a failure in maintaining the stability of the internal environment for cells?

    <p>Cellular processes become inefficient or dysfunctional.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the dynamic mechanisms that ensure physiological conditions remain within a set 'normal' range?

    <p>Homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of negative feedback loops in homeostasis?

    <p>To maintain internal stability by counteracting changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do temperature fluctuations beyond the optimal range affect enzyme function?

    <p>Impair enzyme function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of homeostasis, what is the role of sweating and shivering in maintaining internal temperature?

    <p>Regulate internal temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of high concentrations of carbon dioxide in the blood?

    <p>Acidosis due to excessive acidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which pair of hormones plays a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels?

    <p>Insulin and glucagon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it essential to maintain a balance between water and electrolytes in the body?

    <p>For efficient nerve impulse transmission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of positive feedback loops in physiological processes?

    <p>To amplify responses quickly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do hormones like insulin and glucagon contribute to cellular energy regulation?

    <p>By increasing blood glucose levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following physiological mechanisms helps the body expel excess carbon dioxide?

    <p>Respiratory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of sweating and shivering in maintaining internal temperature?

    <p>Regulate internal temperature</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the fluid that bathes cells in the internal environment?

    <p>Tissue fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of feedback loops and regulatory processes in homeostasis?

    <p>Ensure strict limits of physiological variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'milieu intérieur' famously described by Claude Bernard in the context of homeostasis?

    <p>Tissue fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if the composition of tissue fluid deviates significantly from its normal range?

    <p>Cells lose their efficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it crucial for living organisms to have mechanisms like homeostasis?

    <p>To maintain a stable internal environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of tissue fluid that bathes cells?

    <p>Blood plasma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is maintaining the composition of tissue fluid crucial for cellular function?

    <p>To ensure optimal cell function by providing stable conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term best describes the process through which cells maintain stable internal conditions despite external changes?

    <p>Homeostasis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of homeostasis, what refers to the stable conditions required for efficient cellular function?

    <p>Physiological balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the 'milieu intérieur' essential for complex multicellular organisms like humans?

    <p>To enable optimal cell, tissue, and organ function</p> Signup and view all the answers

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