Introduction to History and Historiography
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Questions and Answers

What movement emphasizes the importance of the history of ordinary people?

  • Filipino historiography
  • History from Below (correct)
  • Pantayong Pananaw
  • Bagong Kasaysayan

    • Who were the key figures behind the development of the 'History from Below' movement?

  • Filipino historians and foreign scholars
  • E.P. Thompson and Hans Ulrich Wehler (correct)
  • Prof. Zeus Salazar and Ka-May Cheng
  • Historical scientists and social workers

    • What is the primary focus of Pantayong Pananaw in writing history?

  • Revising historical narratives to include foreign perspectives
  • Documenting colonial influences on Filipino culture
  • Describing Filipino experiences by Filipinos (correct)
  • Writing about Filipinos for foreign audiences

    • Which term refers to the rewriting and narrating of history by Filipinos for Filipinos?

    <p>Filipino historiography</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of the Bagong Kasaysayan approach?

    <p>An offshoot of Pantayong Pananaw</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Prof. Zeus Salazar, whose perspective is crucial in the narration of the country's history?

    <p>Filipino historians</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what language is the national history of Filipinos ideally written according to the Pantayong Pananaw?

    <p>Pilipino</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main criticism that led to the establishment of the 'History from Below' approach?

    <p>Ignoring the contributions of ordinary people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is history primarily described as?

    <p>A chronological record of past significant events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which approach to historiography focuses on the perspectives of powerful individuals and ruling classes?

    <p>History from above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to E.H. Carr, what is history fundamentally about?

    <p>An inquiry conducted into a series of past events</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes 'history from below'?

    <p>A perspective that emphasizes the experiences of everyday people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Gottschalk's term 'history-as-actuality' refer to?

    <p>The actual events that took place in the past</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement underscores the significance of historians in recording history?

    <p>They interpret past events based on their own experiences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of historical accounts might be categorized as 'history from above'?

    <p>Official chronicles by explorers during invasions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements best illustrates the significance of historiography?

    <p>It allows for varying interpretations of past events.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is historiography?

    <p>The writing of history and the methodology involved</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are primary sources?

    <p>Testimonies and records that come from the past</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes relics from artifacts?

    <p>Relics are immovable objects, artifacts are portable items</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the historical method?

    <p>A process to verify and analyze historical sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do historians rely on historical sources?

    <p>To construct a depiction of the past</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a primary source?

    <p>A diary written during World War II</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do artifacts play in understanding history?

    <p>They offer clues about skills and artistry of past cultures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are secondary sources defined?

    <p>Documents analyzing or interpreting primary sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does historiography primarily involve in historical writing?

    <p>Writing derived from various historical sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a category of sources used in historiography?

    <p>Imaginary accounts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What could be considered an example of a relic in historical research?

    <p>An ancient building or church</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best defines artifacts in the context of historiography?

    <p>Items created and used by past societies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of testimony involves interviewing individuals about historical events?

    <p>Oral history testimony</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one major benefit of using multiple sources in historiography?

    <p>It helps to provide a more balanced view of history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a document source in historiography?

    <p>A personal letter from a historical figure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'relics' refer to in the context of historical sources?

    <p>Physical remnants from past civilizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines mixed sources in historical research?

    <p>Documents combining eyewitness accounts and printed materials.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is essential for a historical source to be considered valid?

    <p>It must undergo external and internal criticism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an example of mixed sources?

    <p>A historian's interpretation of events.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is studying history important for individuals?

    <p>It fosters appreciation and understanding of one's heritage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What types of materials do newspapers include?

    <p>Narrations of events and local situations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does historical criticism involve?

    <p>Verifying and analyzing the context of historical evidence.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key function of historical sources?

    <p>To enhance understanding of past events.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must historians understand about historical evidence?

    <p>Its intended function and origin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to History

    • History is the "chronological record of past significant events"
    • History can be seen as a "subjective process of re-creation of past events".
    • There are 3 approaches to historiography:
      • History from above: Focuses on the perspective of the ruling class, powerful figures, and colonizers.
      • History from below: Emphasizes the stories of ordinary people, workers, women, immigrants, and minorities.
      • Pantayong Pananaw: A Filipino-centric approach that interprets the history of Filipinos by Filipinos using the Filipino language and cultural perspectives.

    Historiography

    • Historiography is the writing of history and the study of how it is written.
    • Its study involves analyzing historical methods and the sources used by historians.
    • Primary Sources: Direct evidence from the past such as written documents,artifacts, and oral testimonies.
    • Secondary Sources: Interpretations of primary sources, such as textbooks, articles, and biographies.
    • Mixed Sources: Documents that combine primary and secondary source material, like newspapers and diaries.

    Historical Criticism

    • Historical Criticism is used to verify, authenticate historcal sources.
    • External Criticism examines the physical characteristics of a source, such as its age, provenance, and authenticity.
    • Internal Criticism assesses the content of a source, ensuring accuracy and reliability.

    Importance of Studying History

    • Studying history provides a deeper understanding of our identity, heritage and belonging.
    • Offers perspectives from different perspectives, allowing us to learn from the past.
    • Helps develop critical thinking and evaluation skills.
    • Encourages empathy and understanding of diverse cultures

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    Related Documents

    Readings in Philippine History: Lesson 1 Introduction to History

    Description

    Explore the essential concepts of history and historiography in this quiz. Learn about different approaches to understanding history, including 'history from above' and 'history from below', as well as the significance of primary and secondary sources. Test your knowledge on how historians interpret the past and the methods they utilize.

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