Introduction to Historical Thinking and Cultural History
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Questions and Answers

What was the primary purpose of Governor-General Narciso Claveria's decree in 1849?

  • To systematize the Philippine naming system using Spanish surnames (correct)
  • To enforce strict regulations on family lineage
  • To implement a national identity based on local languages
  • To promote indigenous naming traditions
  • Which of the following represents one of Peter Seixas' Historical Thinking Concepts?

  • Identifying economic trends
  • Establishing historical significance (correct)
  • Analyzing technological advancements
  • Establishing cultural significance
  • Which of the following types of evidence are considered primary sources?

  • Textbooks summarizing historical events
  • Historians' interpretations
  • Modern biographies
  • Official archival documents (correct)
  • What do historians look for in order to evaluate continuity and change over time?

    <p>Patterns of progress and decline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is the significance of historical events often determined?

    <p>By linking them to larger trends and narratives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of history does the concept of empathy encourage historians to consider?

    <p>The personal experiences of people in history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one observed outcome of implementing the Catálogo Alfabético de Apellidos?

    <p>Hispanicizing Filipinos through Spanish surnames</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should historians consider when determining which stories to tell?

    <p>Events that led to significant changes for many people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key shift in focus for cultural historians compared to social historians?

    <p>Exploring broader cultural forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What criticism was leveled against social historians in the 1980s?

    <p>Assuming social categories were meaningful without evidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Cultural historians drew upon ideas from which group when exploring ordinary people's agency?

    <p>Social historians like Herbert Gutman</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept became integral to cultural history, distinguishing it from social history?

    <p>Liminal experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did cultural historians approach the concept of identity?

    <p>By viewing it as fluid and changing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did narrative play in the works of cultural historians?

    <p>To convey the complexity of experience</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What common perspective did social historians often adopt toward subaltern groups?

    <p>Representation through elite perspectives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method became a hallmark of cultural history as a response to social history's challenges?

    <p>Use of narrative forms to express experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key element that distinguishes history from geology or astronomy?

    <p>The role of human agency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do historians generally view the reasons for historical events?

    <p>They are multiple and layered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is necessary for taking a historical perspective?

    <p>Understanding social, cultural, and emotional contexts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be said about the emergence of cultural history in historiography?

    <p>It emerged to highlight the limitations of social history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do historians aim to avoid regarding ethical judgments of past actions?

    <p>Applying contemporary ethical standards retrospectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a hallmark of taking historical perspective according to the provided content?

    <p>Understanding conflicts among differing beliefs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The relationship between cultural history and social history is best described as:

    <p>Mutually correcting and emphasizing different elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is emphasized by both social and cultural history?

    <p>Broader societal trends and experiences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theorists did New Historicists primarily borrow concepts from?

    <p>Foucault, Bourdieu, and Erving Goffman</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant publication marked the cultural turn in the 1990s?

    <p>The New Cultural History</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept is NOT associated with Pierre Bourdieu?

    <p>Rapprochement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the 'natural turn' trend in historical thought primarily involve?

    <p>Interaction with ecology, neuroscience, and biology</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the relationship between cultural historians and sociology in the 1990s?

    <p>Cultural historians were inspired by sociology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a hallmark publication from the 1980s?

    <p>The Invention of Tradition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the phrase 'symbolic capital' refer to in Bourdieu's theories?

    <p>The prestige and recognition one holds in society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the collective volume on The New Cultural History emphasize?

    <p>Cultural aspects of history</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were early political scientists in the Philippines primarily concerned with during the 1960s?

    <p>Understanding and clarifying the political system and institutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What approach did psychologists in the Philippines prioritize due to their recognized professional standing?

    <p>Developing culturally relevant psychological assessments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which movements profoundly impacted Philippine social sciences during the 1970s and 1980s?

    <p>Marxism and indigenization of knowledge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Marxist scholars in the Philippines approach their understanding of Marxist theory?

    <p>They applied Marxist concepts to ongoing social struggles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major events led to an increase in ideological debate within Philippine social sciences?

    <p>The turbulent years from the late 1960s to early 1980s</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What themes did sociologists and political scientists generally avoid before the late 1960s?

    <p>Ideological debates and agrarian unrest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did anthropologists continue to play in Philippine social sciences?

    <p>Conducting ethnographic research on cultural groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a common focus area for sociologists in their research during the early years?

    <p>Community studies and social institutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the training approaches of early Philippine social scientists?

    <p>Emphasized rigorous training for the next generation with local applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Historical Thinking

    • Distinguish between learning history and thinking historically
    • Identify the 6 concepts of Historical Thinking by Peter Seixas:
      • Establishing historical significance
      • Using primary sources
      • Identifying continuity and change
      • Analyzing cause and consequence
      • Taking historical perspectives
      • Understanding the ethical dimension of historical interpretations

    Cultural History vs. Social History

    • Cultural history emerged in response to limitations of social history, which focused on quantitative data and group behavior
    • Cultural history emphasizes individual experience, fluidity of identity, and broader cultural forces
    • Cultural historians seek to bring "life" to history and explore the agency of ordinary people
    • The development of cultural history drew from influences like anthropology, postmodernism, and social theorists like Foucault, Bourdieu, and Goffman

    Rise of Cultural History

    • Cultural history emerged to address the shortcomings of social history, which was criticized for
      • Assuming social categories were experientially meaningful
      • Ignoring diverse perspectives
      • Adopting dominant perceptions of marginalized groups

    Evolution of Cultural History

    • The "natural turn" in cultural history emphasizes:
      • Ecology
      • Neuroscience
      • Biology

    Social Science in the Philippines

    • Social scientists in the Philippines aimed to apply their skills in a way that would be beneficial to the country, drawing from principles of modernization
    • Disciplines like political science, psychology, anthropology, and sociology played important roles in addressing societal issues
    • Marxist thought emerged in the late 1960s and 1970s, fueled by discontent with traditional social science perspectives, and inspiring debates regarding Philippine political, economic, and ideological structures in a post-colonial context
    • The indigenization of knowledge was also a significant movement during this period, challenging prevailing knowledge frameworks.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the essential concepts of historical thinking as outlined by Peter Seixas, including primary sources and the significance of various historical perspectives. Additionally, it contrasts cultural history with social history, emphasizing the importance of individual experiences and broader cultural dynamics in historical analysis.

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