Introduction to Hinduism
8 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to Lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the name of the world's oldest religious hymns, according to the text?

Rig Veda

What is the meaning of "Veda"?

to know

What are the four parts of each Veda?

Mantras, Brahmanas, Aranyakas, Upanishads

What is the name of the oldest and most important section of the Vedas?

<p>Rig Veda</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a basic Hindu belief?

<p>Nirvana (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of Moksha?

<p>The ultimate reward is a release from samsara and union with God.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Buddhism originated in India.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the three jewels of Buddhism?

<p>Buddha, Dharma, Sangha</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Hinduism

The oldest religion in the world, originating in the Indus Valley, emphasizing universal principles and God-given truths.

Vedas

Collection of sacred Hindu writings considered the oldest in the world.

Rig Veda

The oldest and most important Veda, describing 33 gods born from Brahman.

Hindu Trinity

Brahman (creator), Vishnu (preserver), and Shiva (destroyer) represent the supreme presence in Hinduism.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Brahman

The supreme presence, or God, in Hinduism, from whom all other gods are born.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Vishnu

The preserver of the universe, maintaining balance between good and evil, in Hinduism.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Shiva

The destroyer or reproducer in Hinduism, another part of the main Trinity.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Dharma

Moral balance of all things, guided by religious, social, and family principles.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Karma

Belief that every act and thought has consequences in one's future.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Samsara

Cycle of life, death, and rebirth in Hinduism, governed by karma.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Moksha

Release from the cycle of rebirth and union with God in Hinduism, ultimate reward.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Puja

Ritualistic worship in Hinduism, often including a shrine and specific items.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Mandir

Hindu temple, dedicated to a specific god or deity.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Buddha

The enlightened one, revered teacher in Buddhism.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Four Noble Truths

Fundamental Buddhist teachings on suffering and its cessation.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Eightfold Path

The path to Nirvana in Buddhism, focusing on right actions and thoughts.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Nirvana

A state of liberation from the cycle of rebirth in Buddhism, a detached peace.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Confucianism

A philosophy and way of life emphasising ethical conduct in society.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Five Relationships

Key relationships in Confucianism that guide social order: ruler-subject, parent-child, etc.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Five Constants

Key values in Confucian ethics: benevolence, righteousness, propriety, knowledge, and fidelity.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Taoism

Chinese philosophy that emphasizes harmony with the Tao (The Way) and living in accordance with nature.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Tao

The fundamental principle of the universe in Taoism, the natural order.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Yin and Yang

Opposing forces in Taoism, representing balance and harmony in the universe.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Wu-Wei

The Taoist principle of "non-action," accomplishing things through harmony with nature.

Signup and view all the flashcards

Study Notes

Hinduism

  • World's largest Hindu temple in New Delhi
  • 5000 years old, the 3rd largest religion
  • Traditional religion of India, originating in the Indus Valley
  • Based on God-given truths/laws and universal principles
  • Influences remain in Thailand, Malaysia, and Bali, Indonesia
  • Polytheistic religion, no founder
  • Aryans settled along the Ganges River
  • Rig Veda, important sacred Hindu writings, adopted by the Aryans
  • Animal sacrifice was part of their religion
  • Vedas are a collection of writings, considered oldest known writings
  • Vedas mean "to know" divinely given knowledge
  • Vedas divided into Rig Veda, Yajur Veda, Sama Veda, Atharva Veda
  • Vedas have 4 parts: Mantras (prayers/hymns), Brahmanas (priest explanations), Aranyakas (forest books), Upanishads (universe origins)
  • Rig Veda, the oldest Veda, speaks of 33 gods born from one creator, Brahman
  • Hindu trinity:
    • Brahman: Creator
    • Vishnu: Preserver (balances good and evil)
    • Shiva: Destroyer/Reproducer
  • Worship in homes involves shrines with images of family gods and associated objects (puja)
  • Worship in temples (mandirs) dedicated to specific deities
  • Basic Hindu Beliefs:
    • Dharma: moral balance of all things (religious, social, family aspects)
    • Karma: effects of actions/thoughts (consequences)
    • Samsara: cycles of life, death, and rebirth (dependent on past karma)
    • Moksha: release from Samsara, union with God (like heaven)

Buddhism

  • "Middle way of wisdom and compassion"
  • 2500-year-old tradition, originating in India
  • Philosophy, religion, spiritual practice followed by 300 million
  • Based on Buddha's teachings
  • "Three Jewels" of Buddhism: Buddha (teacher), Dharma (teachings), Sangha (community)
  • Buddha (Siddhartha Gautama): Born into luxury, empathy for suffering
    • 29 years old, rejected luxury to seek enlightenment
    • Achieved Nirvana at 35, an awakening to life's truths
    • Taught for 45 years, guiding others to peace of mind
  • Four Noble Truths:
    • Life is suffering
    • Suffering arises from self-centered desire and attachment
    • Suffering ceases when desire and attachment end
    • The path to end suffering is the Eight-Fold Path
  • Eight-Fold Path:
    • Right understanding, motivation, speech, action, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and concentration
  • Buddhist texts: Tripitaka (Pali Canon), Vinaya, Sutta, Abhidhamma
  • Schools of Buddhism: Theravada (Way of the Elders), Mahayana (Great Vehicle), and Tibetan Vajrayana (Diamond Vehicle)

Confucianism

  • Ethical dimension, foundation of Chinese society
  • Ruism/philosophy, religion, developed by Confucius and disciples
  • Zhou Dynasty, technological growth, increase in wealth, trading
  • Confucius: Teacher, editor, politician, philosopher, (Spring and Autumn period, China) Latinized Kongzi/Kong Fuzi ("Master Kong")
  • Born 551 BCE, died 479 BCE, age 73
  • Confucian Classics: Book of Changes, Book of History, Book of Poetry, Classic Rites, Analects
  • Five Relationships: Ruler-subject, father-son, husband-wife, older/younger brother, friend-friend

Taoism

  • Religious tradition from China, focuses on spiritual philosophy, and outlook on life
  • ~2500 years ago, contemporary with Confucius
  • Lao Tzu: Founder, author of "Tao Te Ching" which emphasizes simplicity and naturalness, born 604 BCE, died aged 82
  • Tao/The Way: Represents ultimate reality, natural order, harmony in life
  • Yin and Yang: Opposing energies (cold/dark/passive; warm/bright/active)
  • Wu-Wei: Principle of non-action, harmony with nature
  • Chuang Tzu: Expanded philosophical narratives, self-transformation
  • Non-judgmental, favoring relativity in moral values
  • Primary Virtues: humility, non-competition, Wu-Wei, naturalness, passive understanding, and harmony with universe
  • Important Texts include Tao Te Ching

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Quiz Team

Related Documents

Hinduism and Buddhism Review PDF

Description

Explore the ancient roots and beliefs of Hinduism, the world's third-largest religion. This quiz covers essential aspects such as the Vedas, the Hindu trinity, and the religion's influence across Southeast Asia. Gain insights into its foundational texts and the significance of various deities in this polytheistic tradition.

More Like This

Hinduism Origins and Sanskrit Literature Quiz
5 questions

Hinduism Origins and Sanskrit Literature Quiz

PermissibleComprehension avatar
PermissibleComprehension
Vedas and Hinduism
5 questions

Vedas and Hinduism

BreathtakingJudgment avatar
BreathtakingJudgment
The Vedas in Hinduism
10 questions

The Vedas in Hinduism

PositiveCantor avatar
PositiveCantor
Origins of Hinduism Overview
10 questions

Origins of Hinduism Overview

karynhollis411 avatar
karynhollis411
Use Quizgecko on...
Browser
Open
Browser
Browser