Introduction to Hindi Literature

Sanskrit and Prakrit

Doha, Chhand, and Kavya.

Bhakti movement

<p><em>Awadhi</em> and <em>Khari Boli</em></p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The printing press</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prose</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Love, devotion, nature, social justice, or philosophical inquiry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The nation's experiences, struggles, and aspirations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Social critique or celebration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p><em>Ramcharitmanas</em>, devotional poetry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Surdas</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nationalistic and social.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Novels and short stories depicting social issues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mahadevi Verma</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Sanskrit and Prakrit.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nationalism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Early Hindi literature, influenced by Sanskrit, Prakrit, and other regional languages. It focused on religious themes, devotional poetry (bhakti), and regional folklore.

A major period in Hindi Literature that saw the rise of major poetic traditions like Doha, Chhand, and Kavya. This period was marked by significant contributions from poets like Tulsi Das and the growing use of Awadhi and Khari Boli as literary languages.

This period witnessed a shift in literary styles and themes with the emergence of the printing press and the influence of Western ideas. Modern prose rose alongside poetry, focusing on social issues.

The post-independence period saw further diversification in subject matter, influenced by national experiences, struggles, and aspirations. Global literature, experimenting with different poetic forms and incorporating social and political themes became more prevalent.

A prominent genre in Hindi literature across various periods. It includes styles ranging from devotional verses of the Bhakti movement to the experimental verse of the modern era. Epic poetry (kāvya) and lyric poetry are also significant.

This genre increased in significance during the modern period. Short stories, essays, novels, and other forms evolved, reflecting the social and political aspects of the time.

A key feature of Hindi literature that reflects the intertwining of the language and culture of the Hindi-speaking world.

A prominent theme exploring the beauty, power, and symbolism of nature within Hindi literature.

Hindi drama, a tradition with roots in ancient times, flourishing in later periods and reflecting evolving social conditions. Plays often critique or celebrate society.

A prominent figure in medieval Hindi literature, known for his devotional poems. His most famous work is the "Ramcharitmanas," a retelling of the Ramayana in Awadhi.

Famous for his devotional poetry dedicated to Lord Krishna, known for his intense bhakti and lyrical style.

A significant modern Hindi writer, known for his novels and short stories. His works often explored social issues and inequalities.

A prominent figure in modern Hindi poetry, known for his nationalistic and social themes. He played a crucial role in promoting Hindi.

Known for her poetic sensibility, blending traditional styles with modern themes. Her work explores themes of spirituality and womanhood.

An important modern Hindi poet known for experimenting with different styles and focusing on social issues. He is known for his lyrical style, innovative language, and social commentary on topics like poverty and oppression.

A prominent theme across various periods in Hindi literature, deeply embedded in ancient Indian traditions. It encompasses devotion to deities and divine love.