Introduction to Hazards and Disasters

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What is the definition of a hazard according to the text?

An event that is categorized by its cause and features

An event that causes harm to the environment, people or the economy (correct)

An event caused by natural processes

An event that occurs when harm actually occurs

Why do people put themselves at risk according to the text?

Difficulty in predicting the location and magnitude of hazards

Belief that a high magnitude event will provide them time until the next event

The benefits outweigh the costs of living in unsafe conditions

All of the above (correct)

What is the definition of a natural hazard according to the text?

An event that only becomes a hazard due to its impact on people

An event that causes harm to the environment, people or the economy

An event caused by environmental processes (correct)

An event that is categorized by its cause and features

What is the definition of a disaster according to the text?

An event where harm actually occurs to the environment, people or the economy Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a tropical cyclone according to the text?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the task given?

Mark the main cyclone origin places Signup and view all the answers

What technology can be used to observe changes in a volcano's shape from a distance?

Satellites Signup and view all the answers

Why do scientists use satellite maps to inspect distant volcanoes?

To calculate the timing of eruptions Signup and view all the answers

How do satellites help authorities prepare for volcanic eruptions?

By enabling advance evacuation of the local population Signup and view all the answers

What is a key reason for increasing the monitoring of volcanoes?

Population growth near volcanoes Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant risk factor prompting the need for advanced volcano monitoring?

Expansion of aviation routes Signup and view all the answers

How do recent technological advancements benefit volcano monitoring?

By developing efficient and accurate monitoring equipment Signup and view all the answers

What instrument do scientists use to precisely measure the angle of a volcano's slope?

Tiltmeters Signup and view all the answers

What could the deformation of ground along a volcanic slope lead to?

Mass wasting events Signup and view all the answers

How do some scientists detect subtle changes in a volcano's shape and slope?

Deploying drones and satellites Signup and view all the answers

Which gas might be released by active volcanoes before magma?

Sulfur dioxide (SO2) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) technology in volcano monitoring?

Measuring ground deformation Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) in volcano monitoring?

Tracking slight changes in elevation Signup and view all the answers

Why are emergency evacuation drills essential to an evacuation plan?

To provide real-time training opportunities for employees Signup and view all the answers

How often should emergency evacuation drills be practiced according to the text?

Every six months Signup and view all the answers

What is a key requirement for developing a disaster-resilient community?

Motivating people to implement risk-reduction measures Signup and view all the answers

Why do people who have experienced natural disasters recognize the need for preparation?

Due to their memories of the event Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken if you haven't already done so, according to the text?

Put together an emergency supply Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of gas monitoring near volcanic vents?

To detect potential eruptions Signup and view all the answers

What type of instrument is used to analyze the concentration of volcanic gases?

Spectrometer Signup and view all the answers

Who first used ground tilt to monitor volcanic activity?

Thomas A. Jaggar Signup and view all the answers

What is a borehole tiltmeter analogous to?

A carpenter's level Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of placing a tiltmeter in a sand-filled borehole?

To measure ground tilt and deformation Signup and view all the answers

What can a network of tiltmeters be used to identify?

Sources of inflation or deflation at active volcanoes Signup and view all the answers