Questions and Answers
What is the focus of gerontology nursing?
Which term describes the dislike of aging and older adults?
Which classification of geriatric patients includes those aged 85 and above?
Which of the following is a biological theory of aging?
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What primarily drives the error theories of aging?
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What is the main effect of free radicals in the body related to aging?
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Which factor is associated with increasing life expectancy?
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What proposed theory explains aging as a result of the binding of glucose to protein?
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What is the primary purpose of a comprehensive geriatric assessment?
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Which of the following activities are classified as activities of daily living (ADLs)?
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Which score on the Katz Index indicates full functional ability?
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What is indicated by a Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of 20?
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In evaluating the socio-environmental situation of an older patient, which factor is considered?
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Which of the following benefits is NOT associated with comprehensive geriatric assessments?
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Which assessment might be used to screen for depression in older adults?
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The principal domain of cognition and mental health includes which of the following?
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What is the impact of somatic DNA damage on cellular function?
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Which theory suggests that aging is influenced by the accumulation of free radicals?
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What dietary recommendation is suggested for maintaining healthy lung function?
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What effect does aging have on lung function?
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According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Human Needs, what motivates human behavior?
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Which factor is considered a modifiable risk for cardiovascular diseases?
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What does generativity refer to in Erikson’s theory of aging?
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Which lifestyle modification is recommended to promote health in gerontological nursing?
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What is a common subjective symptom associated with impaired lung function?
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What characterizes the middle life crisis according to Jung’s Theory?
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What is the impact of obesity on lung function?
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Which of the following health promotion strategies is recommended to improve lung health?
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Which psychological aspect is linked with a successful aging process?
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What can be an effect of somatic DNA damage in conjunction with stress?
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How does aging affect heart muscle and arteries?
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Which subjective data may suggest a cardiovascular issue?
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What is the recommended amount of daily physical activity for older adults?
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Which of the following is NOT a high-risk indicator for home care?
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What is the primary aim of palliative care?
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Which of the following does NOT fall under the elimination pattern?
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To qualify for home care, a patient must meet which of the following criteria?
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Which category is NOT one of the main categories of home care?
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What is a symptom that may indicate a need for home care following a medical procedure?
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Which of the following statements about the rest and sleep pattern is true?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Gerontologic Nursing
- Geriatrics: branch of medicine addressing diseases specific to old age.
- Gerontology: scientific study focused on the aging process.
- Gerontological Nursing: aims to care for older adults, developing care plans and promoting well-being.
- Age Discrimination: emotional prejudice against older adults; Ageism signifies a general dislike for aging.
- Senescence: changes in behavior and survival power due to aging.
- Geriatric Patient Classifications:
- Young Old: ages 64-74
- Middle Old: ages 75-84
- Very Old Frail Elderly: 85 and above.
Factors Affecting Life Expectancy
- Age dynamics, declining fertility rates, and increased longevity.
Theories of Aging
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Biological Theories:
- Programmed Theory: aging is genetically programmed.
- Endocrine Theory: aging linked to hormonal functions.
- Immunologic Theory: aging controlled by the immune system.
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Error Theories:
- Wear and Tear Theory: accumulated damage leads to aging.
- Cross-Link Theory: binding of glucose to proteins impairs functions and slows processes.
- Free-radical Theory: free radicals damage molecular functions, accelerated by stress and unhealthy habits.
- Somatic DNA Damage: time-induced mutations in DNA decrease cellular functionality.
Implications in Nursing
- Distinction between aging and disease is essential for care.
- Gerontological nurses promote health through lifestyle changes and prevention strategies.
Psychological Theory of Aging
- Maslow’s Hierarchy: individuals are motivated by a hierarchy of needs.
- Jung’s Theory: personality composition influences life satisfaction and crisis experiences.
- Erikson’s Theory: stages in life carry tasks related to generativity and self-reflection.
Nutritional Considerations
- Emphasis on high calcium and vitamin D intake; limit phosphorus.
Respiratory System Changes
- Increased lung rigidity and decreased elasticity.
- Reduced mobility of ribs and chest wall compliance.
- Decreased diaphragm strength; requires more effort to breathe.
- Increased lung residual volume; decreased vital capacity and cough efficiency.
- Lifestyle factors such as smoking and obesity impact lung function.
Health Promotion Strategies for Respiratory Health
- Lifestyle modifications (smoking cessation, healthy diet, regular exercise).
- Encourage adequate fluid intake to aid secretion management.
- Promote annual influenza vaccinations and early diagnosis of respiratory infections.
Cardiovascular System Changes
- Thickening of heart valves and loss of elasticity in heart muscles and arteries.
- Atherosclerosis: calcium and fat deposit accumulation.
- Decreased cardiac output and cardiac reserve; increased demands on heart.
- Changes in heart function become evident in stress-testing scenarios.
Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases
- Non-modifiable: gender, age, genetic predisposition.
- Modifiable: lifestyle choices, diet, and tobacco use.
Nursing Care of the Older Adult in Wellness
- Comprehensive geriatric assessment: evaluates functional ability, health, and socio-environmental factors.
- Important benefits: improved care, enhanced diagnostic accuracy, and greater patient satisfaction.
- Domains of assessment: functional ability, physical health, cognitive/mental health, socio-environmental situation.
Assessments and Scoring
- Katz Index: assesses independence in six functional categories.
- Score interpretations: 6 (full function), 4 (moderate impairment), 2 or less (severe impairment).
- Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE): scores above 24 indicate normal cognition.
Home Care
- Provides health and social services at home for those recovering, chronically ill, or disabled.
- Main categories include home care organizations, Medicare-certified agencies, and facility-based agencies.
- Indications for home care include skilled care needs and inability to perform tasks independently.
High-Risk Indicators for Home Care
- Frequent hospital readmissions, changes in mental status, and post-surgical care needs.
Palliative Care
- Focus on relieving symptoms and providing comfort for patients.
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Description
This quiz explores the foundational concepts of gerontologic nursing, focusing on the unique care needs of older adults. It covers essential topics such as geriatrics, gerontology, age discrimination, and the provision of quality care. Ideal for nursing students, this quiz will test your understanding of aging and related health challenges.
