Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does it mean for an organism to be homozygous for a particular trait?
What does it mean for an organism to be homozygous for a particular trait?
- The organism has two identical alleles for that trait. (correct)
- The organism has one dominant and one recessive allele for that trait.
- The organism does not have any alleles for that trait.
- The organism has two different alleles for that trait.
Which genetic condition is expressed when an organism has two copies of the same recessive allele?
Which genetic condition is expressed when an organism has two copies of the same recessive allele?
- Heterozygous dominant
- Heterozygous recessive
- Homozygous recessive (correct)
- Homozygous dominant
What is the significance of the nucleus within a cell?
What is the significance of the nucleus within a cell?
- It generates energy for the cell to function.
- It houses the cell's genetic information. (correct)
- It is where proteins are synthesized.
- It regulates the transport of molecules in and out of the cell.
How many pairs of chromosomes do human beings possess in their cells?
How many pairs of chromosomes do human beings possess in their cells?
What is the function of DNA within a cell?
What is the function of DNA within a cell?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between genes and proteins?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between genes and proteins?
How would you describe a heterozygous genotype?
How would you describe a heterozygous genotype?
An organism's genome is best described as:
An organism's genome is best described as:
Why are chromosomes organized in pairs?
Why are chromosomes organized in pairs?
What is the primary distinction between sperm cells or egg cells and other cells in the human body regarding their genetic material?
What is the primary distinction between sperm cells or egg cells and other cells in the human body regarding their genetic material?
Which of the following is the correct representation of a homozygous dominant genotype?
Which of the following is the correct representation of a homozygous dominant genotype?
If 'A' represents the dominant allele and 'a' represents the recessive allele, which genotype would express the recessive trait?
If 'A' represents the dominant allele and 'a' represents the recessive allele, which genotype would express the recessive trait?
What is the relationship between a chromosome and DNA?
What is the relationship between a chromosome and DNA?
Considering that DNA is a 'recipe book' for the cell, what type of recipes does it primarily contain?
Considering that DNA is a 'recipe book' for the cell, what type of recipes does it primarily contain?
Which of the following is an example of a homozygous recessive genotype?
Which of the following is an example of a homozygous recessive genotype?
Which of the following is an example of a homozygous dominant genotype?
Which of the following is an example of a homozygous dominant genotype?
Why can some people curl their tongues and why can't some people?
Why can some people curl their tongues and why can't some people?
Where is the genetic information stored in a cell?
Where is the genetic information stored in a cell?
True or false: The DNA in every nucelus of every cell in an organism is exactly the same.
True or false: The DNA in every nucelus of every cell in an organism is exactly the same.
What makes up a chromosomes?
What makes up a chromosomes?
What carries identical genetic information in an organism?
What carries identical genetic information in an organism?
What structure contains the DNA?
What structure contains the DNA?
If someone is heterozygous would their alleles be the same?
If someone is heterozygous would their alleles be the same?
What is the study of genetics?
What is the study of genetics?
Which of the following contains instructions for making proteins?
Which of the following contains instructions for making proteins?
Flashcards
Homozygous
Homozygous
Having two identical alleles for a trait.
Heterozygous
Heterozygous
Having two different alleles for a trait.
Genome
Genome
The genetic information carried by an organism.
Chromosome
Chromosome
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DNA
DNA
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AA
AA
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aa
aa
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Aa
Aa
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Study Notes
Key Vocabulary Review
- Homozygous means having two of the same allele e.g. AA or aa.
- Heterozygous means having two different alleles e.g. Aa.
- A homozygous recessive genotype is an example of having 2 of the same allele, in the recessive form.
- A homozygous dominant genotype is an example of having 2 of the same allele, in the dominant form.
- A heterozygous genotype is an example of having 2 different alleles.
Mini-Quiz Instructions
- Individuals should make sure it is obvious which letters are capital and which are lowercase on the mini-quiz.
- Papers should be turned face down when finished.
Notebook Setup
- A table of contents should be made that contains the date, heredity notes, and page number.
- Each page should have the date, title, and a symbol.
- Individuals should answer the question of why some people can curl their tongues and some people cannot.
Introduction to Genetics
- Genetics is the study of heredity and variation in living organisms.
- Every cell in an organism carries identical genetic information.
- The identical genetic information is called the organism's genome.
- Genetic information is stored in the nucleus of every cell.
- Chromosomes are structures found within the nucleus which are made of DNA.
- Chromosomes always come in pairs
Chromosome Pairs
- Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes.
- Fruit flies have 4 pairs of chromosomes.
- Dogs have 39 pairs of chromosomes.
The Role of DNA
- Every organism consists of cells, which contain a nuclei.
- The nucleus contains the DNA, which is neatly packed into chromosomes.
- The DNA in every nucleus of every cell in an organism is exactly the same, except for sperm and egg cells.
- Sperm and egg cells only contain half of the DNA that a normal cell contains (23 chromosomes in humans).
- DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid, makes up a chromosome.
- All of an organism's genetic information is stored in its DNA, which is basically a recipe book for the cell.
Genes
- Genes contain instructions for making proteins.
- Proteins act alone or in complexes to perform many cellular functions.
Heredity and Variation
- It is important to understand how heredity leads to variation in a population.
- Consider what patterns can be noticed within your own family tree.
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