72 Questions
What landform is typically formed when a river undergoes meandering in its course?
Oxbow lakes
What is the landform characterized by multiple interweaving channels separated by bars or islands of sediment?
Braided streams
What term refers to the balance between erosion and deposition in a river?
River grading
In river capture, what is the name of the river segment diverting the headwaters of another river?
Captor stream
What landform is formed from the accumulation of sediment during flood events?
Natural levees
When does rejuvenation of a river occur?
Due to tectonic uplift
What term describes a reduced river flowing in an unusually large valley left behind by a captured stream?
Misfit stream
What does an antecedent drainage pattern refer to?
When rivers establish their courses pre-tectonic uplift
What feature is left behind by a diverted river in river capture?
Wind gap
In fluvial geomorphology, what serves as evidence of the river's dynamic nature and constant reshaping of the landscape?
Oxbow lakes
What is the main focus of fluvial geomorphology?
Analyzing processes and landforms associated with rivers and streams
Which environmental factors can rivers respond to?
Climate, topography, geology, and human activities
What type of valleys do rivers in the upper course typically have?
V-shaped valleys due to vertical erosion
What is the longitudinal profile of a river?
A side view from source to mouth showing the river's gradient
Why does a river's gradient flatten as it progresses towards its mouth?
As a result of decreased erosion and increased deposition
What does the plan view of a river show?
An aerial perspective showing the river's path
What is the primary purpose of understanding fluvial processes?
Predicting flood risks and managing water resources
What does lateral erosion lead to in river valleys?
Expansion of valley width
How does a river's valley shape change from upper course to lower course?
It changes from V-shaped to U-shaped valleys
Why is understanding fluvial processes important for land management?
To assist in planning sustainable land use practices
What is the primary process that leads to the formation of meanders in a river?
Erosion on the outer bank
In fluvial geomorphology, what landform is characterized by multiple interweaving channels separated by bars or islands of sediment?
Braided stream
What effect does rejuvenation have on a river's erosive power?
Increases it
What is the term for a flat area adjacent to a river that is periodically flooded and highly fertile?
Flood plain
What pattern of drainage occurs when rivers flow across rising terrain without being diverted, cutting through it instead?
Antecedent drainage
What feature is left behind by a river after it captures the headwaters of another river?
Misfit stream
What does river grading refer to in fluvial geomorphology?
The balance between erosion and deposition
Which of the following factors can lead to the rejuvenation of a river?
Increased sediment load
What is a key characteristic of rivers with braided streams?
High energy levels
What landform is formed when a meander becomes cut off from the main channel?
Oxbow lake
What do rivers in the middle and lower courses typically transition into in terms of their cross-sectional profiles?
U-shaped profiles
What does the longitudinal profile of a river illustrate?
River's gradient or slope
Why do rivers in the upper course often have steep, V-shaped valleys?
Due to vertical erosion
What is the primary focus of fluvial geomorphology?
Investigating rivers and streams
What environmental factors can rivers respond to?
Topography and geology
Why is understanding fluvial processes crucial for predicting flood risks?
To plan sustainable land use
What type of valley shape do rivers typically exhibit in the lower course?
U-shaped valleys
What type of rivers exhibit imbalances between erosion and deposition due to factors like tectonic uplift or variations in sediment load?
Ungraded rivers
In fluvial geomorphology, what process leads to the formation of terraces, knickpoints, and incised meanders?
Rejuvenation
What type of valleys are left behind by diverted rivers in river capture, resulting from the diverted river's path?
Wind gaps
Which landform is characterized by raised banks formed from the accumulation of sediment during flood events?
Natural levee
What is the term for a river system that cuts through underlying strata, maintaining its original course despite differences in rock hardness?
Superimposed drainage
Which feature represents a point where a captor stream diverts the flow of a captured stream in river capture processes?
Elbow of capture
What characteristic is typically exhibited by rivers with braided streams?
Interweaving channels separated by sediment bars
In a graded river, what state of equilibrium has been achieved between erosion and deposition?
'Stable' state
What landform is evidence of a river's dynamic nature and constant reshaping of the landscape?
Oxbow lake
What term describes the process where rivers establish their courses before tectonic uplift and continue to flow across rising terrain?
Antecedent drainage
What is the primary reason behind rivers in the upper course having V-shaped valleys?
Vertical erosion
How does the cross-sectional profile of a river change as it moves from the upper course to the lower course?
The valleys become broader and shallower
What factor contributes to the concave up shape of a river's longitudinal profile?
Transition from vertical to lateral erosion
Which type of valley shape do rivers in the lower course typically exhibit?
U-shaped valleys
What aspect of rivers' cross-sectional profiles changes due to the dominance of lateral erosion in the middle and lower courses?
Depth decreases, width increases
Why do rivers exhibit a concave up longitudinal profile?
Reflecting transition from rapid erosion to deposition
What environmental factor plays a significant role in shaping rivers' cross-sectional profiles?
Topography variations
What characterizes rivers in terms of their longitudinal profile as they progress towards their mouths?
The gradient flattens out
Why do rivers in the middle and lower courses have broader valleys compared to those in the upper course?
Dominance of lateral erosion
What type of landform is typically observed when rivers undergo meandering along their course?
Oxbow lakes
What is the primary focus of fluvial geomorphology?
Examining how flowing water interacts with the landscape and shapes the Earth's surface
What characteristic is typically exhibited by rivers with braided streams?
Multiple narrow channels separated by bars or islands of sediment
Why do rivers in the upper course often have steep, V-shaped valleys?
Caused by rapid erosion processes
What term describes the process where rivers establish their courses before tectonic uplift and continue to flow across rising terrain?
Antecedent drainage pattern
What is a key characteristic of rivers with meandering paths?
Curving paths due to lateral erosion and deposition
In a river's cross-sectional profile, what changes as lateral erosion becomes dominant in the middle and lower courses?
Valleys become broader and shallower
What does a river's longitudinal profile typically illustrate from source to mouth?
Concave up shape reflecting erosion-deposition balance
What is the term for a river capturing the headwaters of another, resulting in significant changes in drainage patterns?
Stream Piracy
What do natural levees act as during flood events?
Flood Retainers
In fluvial geomorphology, what is the term for the process where a river's erosive power increases due to various factors?
River Rejuvenation
What do oxbow lakes serve as evidence of?
Dynamic River Behavior
What type of valley shape is typically left behind by a diverted river in river capture processes?
Wind Gap Valley
What landform is characterized by multiple interweaving channels separated by bars or islands of sediment?
Braided Stream
What is the term for a river system that maintains its original course despite variations in underlying rock hardness?
Superimposed Drainage
What feature represents the point where a captor stream diverts the flow of a captured stream in river capture processes?
Elbow of Capture
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
