Introduction to Fluid Mechanics Lecture 1

What is the study of fluids called?

What is a substance that continually deforms (flows) under an applied shear stress called?

What are the properties of fluids?

What is the subset of the phases of matter that include liquids, gases, plasmas, and to some extent, plastic solids?

What is Fluid Mechanics subdivided into, depending on whether the fluid is in motion?

What do all fluids have some degree of and offer resistance to change of form?

What is the formula for mass density?

What are the units of density in SI units?

How is specific weight defined?

What is the formula for specific weight?

What is specific gravity?

What does the ideal gas law relate?

What is the formula for the ideal gas law?

How is pressure in a fluid defined?

What is the buoyant force?

According to Archimedes' Principle, what force buoyed up an immersed body?

Fluids and Fluid Mechanics

The study of fluids is called Fluid Mechanics.
A substance that continually deforms (flows) under an applied shear stress is called a fluid.

Properties of Fluids

Fluids have some degree of viscosity and offer resistance to change of form.

Phases of Matter

The subset of the phases of matter that include liquids, gases, plasmas, and to some extent, plastic solids is called fluids.

Subdivisions of Fluid Mechanics

Fluid Mechanics is subdivided into Fluid Statics and Fluid Dynamics, depending on whether the fluid is in motion.

Density and Specific Weight

The formula for mass density is ρ = m/V, where ρ is density, m is mass, and V is volume.
The units of density in SI units are kg/m³.
Specific weight is defined as the weight of a fluid per unit volume.
The formula for specific weight is γ = ρg, where γ is specific weight, ρ is density, and g is acceleration due to gravity.

Specific Gravity

Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a fluid to the density of water.

Ideal Gas Law

The ideal gas law relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of an ideal gas.
The formula for the ideal gas law is PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature in Kelvin.

Pressure and Buoyancy

Pressure in a fluid is defined as the force per unit area.
The buoyant force is the upward force exerted on an object immersed in a fluid.
According to Archimedes' Principle, the force buoyed up an immersed body is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced.

Learn about the definition of fluids and fluid mechanics, as well as the properties of fluids and how to solve problems related to them. Understand the different phases of matter that fall under the category of fluids, including liquids, gases, plasmas, and plastic solids.