Introduction to Fluid Mechanics Lecture 1

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Questions and Answers

What is the study of fluids called?

Fluid Mechanics

What is a substance that continually deforms (flows) under an applied shear stress called?

Fluid

What are the properties of fluids?

Density, Specific Weight, Specific Gravity, Pressure, Viscosity, Bulk Modulus of Elasticity, Mass Density

What is the subset of the phases of matter that include liquids, gases, plasmas, and to some extent, plastic solids?

Fluids Signup and view all the answers

What is Fluid Mechanics subdivided into, depending on whether the fluid is in motion?

Fluid Dynamics and Fluid Statics Signup and view all the answers

What do all fluids have some degree of and offer resistance to change of form?

Compressibility Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for mass density?

ρ = m/V Signup and view all the answers

What are the units of density in SI units?

[ρ] = kg/m^3 Signup and view all the answers

How is specific weight defined?

Specific weight is the gravitation force per unit volume of fluid, or the weight per unit volume. Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for specific weight?

γ = ρg Signup and view all the answers

What is specific gravity?

The ratio of the specific weight of a given fluid to the specific weight of water at standard reference temperature of 4°C. Signup and view all the answers

What does the ideal gas law relate?

The ideal gas law relates important thermodynamic properties and is often used to calculate density. Signup and view all the answers

What is the formula for the ideal gas law?

p = ρRT Signup and view all the answers

How is pressure in a fluid defined?

Pressure in a fluid is the weight of all the fluid above a certain point. Signup and view all the answers

What is the buoyant force?

The net upward force is called the buoyant force. Signup and view all the answers

According to Archimedes' Principle, what force buoyed up an immersed body?

An immersed body is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of the fluid it displaces. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Fluids and Fluid Mechanics

The study of fluids is called Fluid Mechanics.
A substance that continually deforms (flows) under an applied shear stress is called a fluid.

Properties of Fluids

Fluids have some degree of viscosity and offer resistance to change of form.

Phases of Matter

The subset of the phases of matter that include liquids, gases, plasmas, and to some extent, plastic solids is called fluids.

Subdivisions of Fluid Mechanics

Fluid Mechanics is subdivided into Fluid Statics and Fluid Dynamics, depending on whether the fluid is in motion.

Density and Specific Weight

The formula for mass density is ρ = m/V, where ρ is density, m is mass, and V is volume.
The units of density in SI units are kg/m³.
Specific weight is defined as the weight of a fluid per unit volume.
The formula for specific weight is γ = ρg, where γ is specific weight, ρ is density, and g is acceleration due to gravity.

Specific Gravity

Specific gravity is the ratio of the density of a fluid to the density of water.

Ideal Gas Law

The ideal gas law relates the pressure, volume, and temperature of an ideal gas.
The formula for the ideal gas law is PV = nRT, where P is pressure, V is volume, n is the number of moles, R is the gas constant, and T is temperature in Kelvin.

Pressure and Buoyancy

Pressure in a fluid is defined as the force per unit area.
The buoyant force is the upward force exerted on an object immersed in a fluid.
According to Archimedes' Principle, the force buoyed up an immersed body is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced.

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Description

Learn about the definition of fluids and fluid mechanics, as well as the properties of fluids and how to solve problems related to them. Understand the different phases of matter that fall under the category of fluids, including liquids, gases, plasmas, and plastic solids.