Introduction to Family Communication
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Questions and Answers

According to the 2007 longitudinal study, what correlation exists between early attachment and later relationship qualities?

  • Secure attachments in infancy are associated with greater emotional distress in romantic relationships in the mid-20s.
  • Secure attachment at 12 months is linked to higher levels of social anxiety in romantic relationships by mid-20s.
  • Secure attachment at 12 months has no direct link to romantic relationship success in the mid-20s.
  • Secure attachments at 12 months predict more positive emotional experiences and better conflict resolution skills in romantic relationships in the mid-20s. (correct)
  • What is the primary focus of the Hanetz & Dollberg (2022) study?

  • Analyzing the influence of early childhood experiences on the development of anxiety disorders in adulthood.
  • Investigating the long-term effects of secure attachment on adult romantic relationships.
  • Exploring the impact of adverse childhood experiences on mothers' parenting styles and their children's well-being. (correct)
  • Examining the relationship between maternal mental health and children's social competence.
  • Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between maternal ACEs, mental health, and children's behavior in the Hanetz & Dollberg (2022) study?

  • Maternal ACEs directly influence a child's behavior, regardless of the mother's mental health.
  • Maternal mental health is not a significant factor in determining a child's behavioral outcomes.
  • Maternal mental health mediates the relationship between ACEs and children's internalizing and externalizing behavior. (correct)
  • Mothers with ACEs are more likely to have children with high levels of social competence.
  • What is a key difference between the findings of the 2007 study and the Hanetz & Dollberg (2022) study?

    <p>The 2007 study focuses on romantic relationships, while the Hanetz &amp; Dollberg (2022) study focuses on parent-child relationships. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential implication of the findings from both studies?

    <p>Early interventions focused on improving the mental health of mothers with ACEs might have a positive impact on children's behavior and development. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to CPM theory, what is the primary assumption about personal information?

    <p>People have a right to control their private information and decide who has access to it. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a weakness of Equity Theory?

    <p>It can lead to feelings of being slighted even when treated fairly, decreasing motivation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory is based on the idea of balancing the costs and rewards in a relationship?

    <p>Equity Theory (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a strength of Social Exchange Theory?

    <p>It highlights the importance of personal perspective and subjective interpretations of relationships. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential risk associated with revealing personal information, according to Communication Privacy Management Theory?

    <p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a criticism of Social Exchange Theory?

    <p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor considered in domain-specific equity?

    <p>The relative socioeconomic status of each partner. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does CPM theory connect to dialectical theory?

    <p>By emphasizing the constant tension between openness and closedness in relationships. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does Equity Theory tend to be most predictive of relationship satisfaction in the early years?

    <p>Because the transition to parenthood often presents new challenges that require an equitable distribution of responsibilities. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential benefit of understanding Social Exchange Theory in relationships?

    <p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary aspect of effective family communication?

    <p>Encouraging open and honest dialogue (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can nonverbal communication impact family interactions?

    <p>It can contradict verbal messages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a barrier to effective family communication?

    <p>Defensiveness in discussions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does feedback play in family communication?

    <p>It helps clarify misunderstandings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which behavior can enhance family communication?

    <p>Practicing patience during discussions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential effect on children from continuously married parents?

    <p>Creation of role reversal or parentification (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does emotional parentification involve?

    <p>Children managing parents' emotional needs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is not typically associated with constructive co-parenting?

    <p>Frequent negative interactions (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might be a consequence of interpersonal communication skill deficiencies transmitted across generations?

    <p>Increased criticism and negativity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the two types of parentification mentioned?

    <p>Emotional and instrumental parentification (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does permeability in a family context primarily regulate?

    <p>Information disclosure, avoidance, and secrets (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does co-ownership in a family context imply?

    <p>Collective ownership of information among family members (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential outcome of boundary turbulence in families?

    <p>Complications in boundary coordination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which context has the concept of CPM been commonly researched?

    <p>Social media disclosures and privacy settings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critique regarding the CPM framework?

    <p>It is tested primarily qualitatively rather than quantitatively (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary aspect is emphasized within the CPM framework according to critiques?

    <p>Individual privacy rights (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What challenge does boundary turbulence present in families?

    <p>Conflict over differing privacy rules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant factors are involved in the regulation of family privacy according to the CPM framework?

    <p>Disclosure, avoidance, and secrecy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lens defines family based on laws and regulations?

    <p>Sociological lens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the provided text, what is a key characteristic of a family that requires effort?

    <p>Developing a relational culture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a defining characteristic of a family as discussed in the provided text?

    <p>Formal legal recognition (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term "discourse-dependent" families refer to, as discussed in the text?

    <p>Families that rely on communication to build and maintain their identity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a way that families use communication to develop and maintain their identity?

    <p>Maintaining absolute silence and boundaries (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Based on the information provided, why is it important for families to communicate their definitions and explanations both within and outside the family?

    <p>To build and maintain their shared sense of identity and understanding (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a key factor in understanding how families become 'discourse-dependent'?

    <p>The changing communication landscape and technology (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best summarizes Coontz's argument about the "Myth of the American Family"?

    <p>American families have always been diverse and have evolved over time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Family Communication

    The process of exchanging information, feelings, and thoughts among family members.

    Effective Listening

    The ability to accurately receive and interpret messages during communication.

    Nonverbal Communication

    The transmission of messages or signals without the use of words, like gestures or facial expressions.

    Conflict Resolution

    The process of resolving a disagreement or dispute among family members.

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    Family Roles

    The prescribed responsibilities and behaviors expected from each family member.

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    Parentification

    A role reversal where a child takes on adult responsibilities, often due to unmet parental needs.

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    Emotional Parentification

    When a child is made responsible for meeting emotional needs of parents, often leading to stress.

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    Instrumental Parentification

    Involves children taking on practical tasks typically reserved for adults, like household chores.

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    Constructive Co-parenting

    A positive approach to co-parenting that emphasizes consistent and authoritative parenting strategies.

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    Interpersonal Communication Skills

    Skills that enable effective exchanges in relationships, including problem-solving and handling criticism.

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    Secure Attachment

    A healthy emotional bond formed during early childhood that influences social competence.

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    Social Competence

    The ability of an individual to interact positively in social situations, often linked to emotional intelligence.

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    Friendship Security

    The quality of friendships that provides stability and support in adolescence and adulthood.

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    Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs)

    Traumatic events occurring before the age of 18 that can impact health and behavior.

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    Internalizing and Externalizing Behavior

    Internalizing refers to emotional distress, while externalizing encompasses disruptive or acting-out behaviors.

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    Relational Culture

    A culture developed through communication within families.

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    Multigenerational Communication

    Communication patterns that span multiple generations within a family.

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    Role Lens of Family

    Defining family based on roles, behaviors, and emotions shared among members.

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    Sociological Lens of Family

    A definition of family based on laws and regulations governing familial bonds.

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    Biogenetic Lens of Family

    A perspective on family focusing on genetic relationships and reproduction potential.

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    Working Definition of Family

    A family characterized by defined roles, responsibilities, shared history, and emotional bonds.

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    Discourse-Dependent Families

    Families that rely on communication to create and express their identity.

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    Network Analysis of Family

    Evaluating the connections and roles within one's family structure.

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    Equity in Relationships

    Ensuring fairness by recognizing each person's strengths and contributions.

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    Equity Theory

    A theory that predicts satisfaction based on perceived fairness in relationships.

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    Critiques of Equity Theory

    Weaknesses include oversimplifying human emotions and assuming selfishness.

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    Strengths of Social Exchange Theory

    Explains family issues simply; promotes balanced relationships through awareness.

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    Weaknesses of Social Exchange Theory

    Risk of mechanical interpretation; assumes selfish motives in relationships.

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    Communication Privacy Management (CPM)

    Theory focused on managing personal information and privacy within relationships.

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    Right to Own Private Info

    Individuals have the right to control their own personal information.

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    Risk of Revealing Information

    Disclosing personal info can lead to vulnerability for self and others.

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    Dialectical Tension

    The conflict between the desire for openness and the need for privacy.

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    Social Penetration Theory

    Suggests intimacy grows as personal information is shared over time.

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    External Family Connection

    The bond with those outside the family through private information sharing.

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    Permeability

    The ability to regulate information through disclosure, secrets, and avoidance.

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    Co-ownership of Information

    Collective ownership of shared private information among family members.

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    Boundary Turbulence

    Complications arising from mismanaged privacy rules and information sharing.

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    Reluctant Confidants

    Individuals who share information but are hesitant about doing so.

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    Testing CPM

    Examining Communication Privacy Management through qualitative and quantitative methods.

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    Privacy in Social Media

    The sharing of private information online and management of privacy settings.

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    Cultural Differences in Privacy

    Variations in how different cultures perceive and manage privacy rights.

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    Study Notes

    Introduction and Family Communication

    • A surge of interest in family communication over the past 20 years.
    • Grew out of two key areas: mass communication in the 1950s & interpersonal communication in the late 1960s.
    • Early mass communication studies examined media's impact on aggression in children.
    • Key scholars from the late 1960s studied interpersonal communication in couples, focusing on power, persuasion, attraction, and uncertainty reduction.
    • Family communication became an area of academic interest in the 1970s and 1980s, becoming a division in the National Communication Association (NCA) in 1995.
    • Family communication focuses on communication as the central aspect of family life.

    Definition of Family Communication

    • What is studied in this field: communication in the family.
    • Scope: families studied at a micro level (specific behaviors) & broader/macro level (communication being one variable within a larger context of other factors).

    Family Communication vs. Interpersonal Communication

    • Family communication scholars frequently consider themselves interpersonal communication scholars, though not as many interpersonal scholars identify as family scholars.
    • Scholars study family communication as a distinct context that differs based on factors like generational ties, roles, and shared history.

    The Impact of Divorce and Interparental Conflict on Children

    • Divorce rates have risen steadily since the 1960s and remain significant today (e.g., ~46% divorce rate).
    • Short-term impacts include economic hardship, fears, and difficulty adjusting to changes for children of divorce.
    • Potential long-term effects include behavioral and psychological issues, difficulties in later relationships, and less closeness with parents (though sometimes closer to mothers).

    Culture and Families

    • Families vary in structure and function.
    • Important elements influencing family formation: values, beliefs, socialization, and generational communication patterns.
    • The concept of family is not limited to biological family and considers other forms of family relationships and structures, like fictive kin.

    Family Systems Theory

    • The family unit is seen as a system comprised of interconnected parts, where each part's behavior affects other parts.
    • The interdependence aspect highlights that every family member's actions impact other family members.
    • Openness and Feedback: Families need to be open to feedback and change from the environment and within themselves.
    • Homeostasis: Families resist change and strive for balance (often unhealthy, unless change or feedback is constructive).

    Attachment Theory

    • Attachments are formed with others as a result of various parenting practices and experiences that shape identities and relationship patterns.
    • Nature vs. Nurture- Attachments are both biological and social, affected by both caregivers and environmental factors.
    • Attachment styles (e.g., secure, fearful-avoidant, preoccupied, dismissive) can shape adult relationships.
    • Attachments are not static; they can change over time due to experiences and environments.

    Communication Privacy Management Theory

    • People have a right to control their private information.
    • Individuals have developed internal boundaries about the types of information they are willing to share.
    • These boundaries are influenced by cultural values and past experiences.
    • Sharing personal information involves risk, so individuals often use communication strategies to manage this risk & decide whom to share information with.

    Social Exchange/Equity Theory

    • Human communication is influenced by cost-benefit analysis.
    • Individuals evaluate relationships based on perceived rewards and costs.
    • Equity theory focuses on the fairness perception of benefits and costs within relationships.
    • People are motivated to maintain a balance in relationships, and inequities often lead to dissatisfaction.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the evolution and significance of family communication over the past few decades. It delves into the key areas that have shaped this field, including mass and interpersonal communication. Understand the definition and scope of family communication as a fundamental aspect of family life.

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