Introduction to Eukaryotes and Yeasts
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Questions and Answers

In the context of oxidative metabolism and atmospheric O2, what provided a selective advantage for organisms?

  • Increase in CO2 levels
  • Decrease in atmospheric O2
  • Decrease in nitrogen levels
  • Increase in atmospheric O2 (correct)
  • What is the consequence of the release of O2 as a result of photosynthesis?

  • It led to the development of oxidative metabolism. (correct)
  • It caused extreme environments to disappear.
  • It led to the development of anaerobic glycolysis.
  • It had no impact on cellular evolution.
  • What is a significant feature of oxidative metabolism compared to anaerobic glycolysis?

  • Much more efficient energy generation (correct)
  • Decreased cell complexity
  • Reduced reactivity of molecules
  • Formation of more ATP molecules
  • Which statement is true about the energy yield from glucose breakdown?

    <p>Energy equivalent to 36 to 38 molecules of ATP is produced.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reactions do present-day cells primarily use as their energy source?

    <p>Oxidative reactions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of prokaryotes includes bacteria living in extreme environments?

    <p>Archaebacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes yeasts from bacteria?

    <p>Size</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unicellular eukaryote is mentioned as a large, complex cell that uses pseudopodia for movement?

    <p>Amoeba proteus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which unicellular eukaryote contains chloroplasts and can carry out photosynthesis?

    <p>Volvox</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Approximately how many base pairs of DNA does Saccharomyces cerevisiae contain?

    <p>12 million base pairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What evolutionary transition is seen in algae like Volvox?

    <p>Evolution from single cells to multicellular colonies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What sets unicellular eukaryotes apart from multicellular organisms?

    <p>Complexity of cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus mentioned in the text?

    <p>Protein transport</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the cytoskeleton in eukaryotic cells?

    <p>Determining cell shape and providing structural framework</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the cytoskeleton mentioned in the text?

    <p>Polysaccharide synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event is considered a very early occurrence in evolution according to the text?

    <p>Divergence of archaebacteria, eubacteria, and eukaryotes from a common ancestor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did eukaryotic cells develop according to the text?

    <p>2.7 billion years ago</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the cytoskeleton determine in a cell?

    <p>Cell shape</p> Signup and view all the answers

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