Introduction to Ethics: Theories and Concepts

<p>To develop language and moral deliberation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Possession of speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Purpose</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To attain the human good</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wealth</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is desirable for its own sake and not for the sake of some other good</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It can be improved upon by adding other goods</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The highest good or human good</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pleasure is not enough to constitute the highest good</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cultivating virtuous habits and character</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Practical</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Happiness</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Virtue Ethics (Aristotle)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ethics and political science are related, as ethics aims at the highest good for individuals and cities</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ethics is about developing good habits and cultivating virtuous character</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To facilitate virtuous activity and a life of eudaimonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Through habitual practice in relevant situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Virtuous behavior comes naturally without internal struggle</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To facilitate the good life and eudaimonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By creating situations for citizens to practice virtues</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It arises naturally from within for one's own sake</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To form good citizens and cultivate good character</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Civic virtue and ability to deliberate on the common good</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A conditional intermediate between two states, one involving excess and the other deficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A full and detailed acquaintance with the circumstances and excellence in rational thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To know which habit is appropriate under the circumstances and how to act</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Debates about honor, virtue, and the nature of the good life</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Self-sufficient and desirable for itself</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wealth is only valuable for what it can buy</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Being self-sufficient and all other goods desirable for its sake</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is only valued for others' sake</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Telos</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To highlight the self-sufficiency of the highest good</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Providing practical guidance for living a good life</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Political science draws upon ethics and lays down laws about what people should do</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Promoting the well-being of the community or city-state</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By providing a framework of laws and institutions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The capacity for speech</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Virtue ethics</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To indicate the right and the wrong</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is where humans can exercise their capacity for language and moral deliberation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Virtue is the end result of fulfilling one's telos</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eudaimonia is the result of living a virtuous life</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ethics and politics are interconnected</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To enable virtuous living and the pursuit of eudaimonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By habitually practicing virtuous actions and emotions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using reason well throughout life is what happiness consists in</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ability to reason and use logic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It comes naturally from within and for one's own sake</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It enables the practice of virtues through political participation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excellence in civic virtue and deliberating about the common good</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A full and detailed acquaintance with the circumstances, and excellence in rational thinking and habit</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To help individuals discern which habit or virtue is appropriate in a given circumstance</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Debates about honor, virtue, and the nature of the good life</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are skilled at discovering the mean or appropriate course of action in difficult situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To form good citizens and cultivate good character</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To enable individuals to attain the highest good or eudaimonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is self-sufficient and desirable for its own sake.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Political science employs and builds upon the principles of ethics</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Wealth is only a means to an end, not an end in itself.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The achievement of the highest good (eudaimonia).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ability to reason and engage in political association</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is desirable for the sake of some other good.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A virtuous and rational activity of the soul in accordance with excellence</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To enable individuals to develop virtuous habits and achieve eudaimonia</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Virtuous behavior and practical wisdom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ethical egoism</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The highest good is the primary goal of political science.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a life of virtuous activity in accordance with reason</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is induced by habits and learned through practice</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To become capable of independent thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To highlight the importance of individual choice and internal motivation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They take pleasure in exercising their intellectual skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As an activity of the soul in accordance with virtue</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The capacity for speech and rational thought</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To facilitate the development of human capacities for language and moral deliberation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arete is the excellence displayed in the fulfillment of one's telos</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The exercise of reason and moral deliberation with others</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To indicate the right and the wrong, and to perceive good and bad</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Political association is necessary for the development of ethical virtues</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excellence in civic virtue and deliberation about the common good</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A full and detailed acquaintance with the circumstances and excellence in rational thinking</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are skilled at discovering the mean in difficult ethical situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To form good citizens and cultivate good character</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It is a way of discovering the appropriate course of action in specific situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disagreements about the nature of virtue and the good life</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary focus of ethics according to Aristotle is on personal character and achieving the good life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The polis (city-state) is significant for Aristotle as it enables virtuous living and contributes to the good life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aristotle describes the 'Golden Mean' as the desirable middle ground between excess and deficiency in virtues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aristotle sees a relationship between ethics and political science where ethics informs political decisions and laws.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>According to Aristotle, humans are distinguished from other animals by their capacity for reason and moral virtue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary criterion for determining the good life according to Aristotle is personal character and the pursuit of virtues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Telos represents the end purpose or function of an entity, with goodness residing in the fulfillment of one's telos.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aristotle highlights that speech is unique to humans and is essential for indicating right and wrong, leading to the perception of good and bad. Additionally, speech is crucial in political associations where deliberation about justice and the good life takes place.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arete refers to excellence or virtue displayed in fulfilling one's purpose or function (telos). It emphasizes that actions are well performed when they align with the appropriate excellence or virtue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aristotle views humans as political animals because only in political associations (polis) do they exercise their distinct capacity for language, deliberation on justice, and discussion of the good life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Humans possess speech, which enables them to indicate right and wrong, perceive good and bad, and deliberate on justice and the good life. Additionally, humans can reason and think, engaging in activities according to reason.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>According to Aristotle, excellence or virtue is displayed in the fulfillment of one's purpose (telos), emphasizing that actions are well performed when they align with the appropriate excellence. Virtuous activity is characterized by performing actions in accordance with virtue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Excellent reasoning in accordance with virtues</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Virtuous activity in accordance with reason</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By practicing skills to make them habits and developing corresponding character</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To bring humans to situations where they can practice virtues through participation in the political community</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A way of being and activity of the soul in accordance with virtue</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Engaging in virtuous activities in accordance with reason</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Self-sufficient, desirable for itself, not desirable for the sake of some other good</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pleasure, wealth, and honor are considered insufficient as the highest good because they are all desired for the sake of something else.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The highest good cannot be improved or added to because it is already the ultimate purpose or end in itself.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Self-sufficiency in the highest good means that it is enough on its own to lead a good life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aristotle states that all other goods are desirable for the sake of the highest good.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ultimate purpose or end according to Aristotle is the highest good, which is self-sufficient and desirable for itself.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To form good citizens and cultivate good character.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Civic virtue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Every ethical virtue is a conditional intermediate between excess and deficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Judgment to know which habit is appropriate under the circumstances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because they are skilled at discovering the mean in difficult cases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>No ethical theory can offer a decision procedure; decisions depend on circumstances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To form good citizens and cultivate good character.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Every ethical virtue is a conditional intermediate between excess and deficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To judge which habit is appropriate in a given circumstance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Good people are skilled at discovering the mean in difficult cases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Debates about justice involve discussions on honor, virtue, and the good life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Eudaimonia (happiness).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The circumstances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are good at deliberation and discovering what is best in each situation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Good persons are 'a standard and measure' in ethics and decision-making.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It determines what virtues deserve recognition and reward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Judgment and knowing which habit is appropriate under the circumstance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To do the right thing, to the right person, to the right extent, at the right time, with the right motive, and in the right way.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Full and detailed acquaintance with the circumstances and excellence in rational thinking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because they are good at deliberation and succeed in discovering what is best in each situation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Their advice must be sought and heeded.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Depends on the circumstances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Honor, virtue, and the nature of the good life.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To form good citizens and cultivate good character.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conditional intermediates (golden mean) between excess and deficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because it requires habit, active training, and excellence in rational thinking.</p> Signup and view all the answers