Introduction to Ethics

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Questions and Answers

Moral law suggests that actions considered ethical in one context are universally ethical.

False (B)

Actions performed without freedom can be morally evaluated as good or bad.

False (B)

How does the scope of moral law relate to human law?

  • Moral law is broader than human law. (correct)
  • Moral law is narrower than human law.
  • Moral law and human law are unrelated.
  • Moral law is equivalent to human law.

The capacity to act with psychological freedom requires a foundation of ______.

<p>knowledge</p>
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Responsibility is simply the ability to affect outcomes, irrespective of moral considerations.

<p>False (B)</p>
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What role do moral norms play in evaluating actions?

<p>They serve as the standards by which actions are judged as good or bad. (B)</p>
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Morality is exclusively determined by either cultural or religious beliefs.

<p>False (B)</p>
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What does metaethics explore regarding moral facts?

<p>Metaethics explores the objective existence of moral facts.</p>
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Morality is an acquired trait, not inherent to human nature.

<p>False (B)</p>
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How are ethics and morality related?

<p>Morality is a subset of ethics. (B)</p>
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The essence of freedom is captured by the ______ to make choices.

<p>power</p>
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Individuals have the freedom to directly control their emotional responses.

<p>False (B)</p>
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Which of the following is considered the most fundamental assumption in Ethics?

<p>The existence of God. (D)</p>
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Conflicting moral viewpoints cannot possess equal moral validity.

<p>False (B)</p>
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What does freedom enable individuals to do in the context of morality?

<p>Freedom allows individuals to be either good or bad.</p>
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Moral accountability is variable among all individuals.

<p>False (B)</p>
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What is the relationship between legality and morality?

<p>Legality and morality can differ; moral actions may not be legal, and vice versa. (C)</p>
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Cultural perceptions of goodness and badness are universally consistent across all societies.

<p>False (B)</p>
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The degree of a person's knowledge is directly proportional to their level of ______.

<p>accountability</p>
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The power to do good is defined as freedom.

<p>True (A)</p>
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Flashcards

Moral Law Relativity

Moral law acknowledges that what is considered good in one context may be considered bad in another.

Freedom and Moral Actions

To perform a morally accountable action, one must have freedom of choice; actions done without freedom cannot be morally evaluated.

Scope of Moral Law

Moral law encompasses a broader range of principles and considerations than human law, addressing aspects of human behavior and intentions beyond the scope of legal statutes.

Knowledge and Freedom

The exercise of psychological freedom requires knowledge, enabling individuals to make informed and autonomous choices.

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Responsibility

Responsibility is not simply the power by which one does good.

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Moral Norms

Moral norms serve as the standards by which actions are evaluated as either morally good or morally bad.

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Source of Morality

Morality is not simply based on cultural or religious beliefs.

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Metaethics Focus

Metaethics examines the fundamental questions about the nature of moral facts.

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Morality's Origin

Morality is an inherent aspect of human nature.

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Ethics vs. Morality

Ethics is not synonymous with morality.

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Core of Freedom

Freedom is fundamentally the capacity to make choices.

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Limits of Freedom

Freedom does not extend to the power to choose one's emotions.

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Ethics' Foundation

The existence of God is not necessarily the most fundamental assumption in ethics.

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Moral Correctness

Opposite moral notions cannot both be equally morally correct.

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Freedom's Role

Freedom enables humans to choose between good and bad actions.

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Moral Responsibility

Not all humans are morally responsible for their actions.

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Morality vs. Legality

Legality and morality are distinct; what is legal may not be moral, and what is moral should ideally become legal.

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Cultural Relativism

Culture recognizes that what is considered good in one place may be bad in another.

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Ethics' Influence

Ethics studies and influences personal conduct and behavior.

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Morality vs. Legality

What is moral is not necessarily legal and what is legal is not always moral.

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Study Notes

Ethics Quiz

  • Moral law does not admit that what is good in one place may be bad in another.
  • One can never do anything good or bad without freedom.
  • The scope of moral law is greater than that of human law.
  • Knowledge is required to exercise psychological freedom.
  • Responsibility isn't the power by which man does good.
  • Moral norms are standards by which actions are determined to be either good or bad.
  • Morality is not either cultural or religious.
  • Metaethics covers the question concerning the objective existence of moral facts.
  • Morality is built in human nature.
  • Ethics isn't synonymous with morality.
  • Freedom is essentially the power to make a choice.
  • Freedom is not the power to choose your emotions.
  • God exists is not the most basic assumption in Ethics.
  • Opposite moral notions may not both be equally morally correct.
  • Freedom allows man to be good or bad.
  • All humans are not morally responsible.
  • What is legal is not necessarily moral; what is moral ought to be made legal.
  • Culture admits that what is good in one place may be bad in another.
  • Ethics covers personal conduct and behavior as well.
  • What is moral is not necessarily legal, and vice versa.
  • The degree of the knowledge of a person determines the level of their accountability.
  • Culture and human law are not universal norms of morality.
  • One cannot escape from freedom.
  • Objective morality necessitates the assumption "God exists."
  • Morality attaches to man's actions due to his nature.
  • Freedom presupposes knowledge as to its guide.
  • Ethics does not cover certain actions of some animals as well.
  • Human acts are either external or internal.
  • Feelings and emotions don't make man either good or bad.
  • Freedom is the power to do good.

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