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Introduction to Epithelial Cells
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Introduction to Epithelial Cells

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of epithelial cells in the lining of the intestine?

  • Absorption (correct)
  • Protection
  • Contraction
  • Secretion
  • What is the characteristic that distinguishes muscular tissue from other tissue types?

  • Elongated cells specialized for contraction and movement (correct)
  • Abundant extracellular matrix
  • Closely aggregated polyhedral cells
  • Specialized for receiving and transmitting nerve impulses
  • What is the primary function of connective tissue?

  • To secrete hormones and other substances
  • To line the cavities of organs
  • To provide structure and support to the body (correct)
  • To receive and transmit nerve impulses
  • What is the characteristic that distinguishes nervous tissue from other tissue types?

    <p>Long, fine process specialized cells to receive, generate and transmit nerve impulses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of parenchymal cells of glands?

    <p>To secrete hormones and other substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of epithelial tissue?

    <p>Closely aggregated polyhedral cells adhering to one another</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many basic tissue types are there in the human body?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the basal lamina in muscle nerves and fat-storing cells?

    <p>To regulate macromolecular exchange between the enclosed cells and connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why the shape and number of nuclei are important in epithelial cells?

    <p>To determine the number of cell layers in an epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between the basal lamina and reticular lamina?

    <p>The basal lamina is a thin, sheet-like layer, while the reticular lamina is more fibrous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the basement membrane in epithelial tissues?

    <p>To act as a semi-permeable filter for substances reaching epithelial cells from below</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelial cell is typically found in areas subject to friction?

    <p>Squamous cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of microvilli in epithelial cells?

    <p>To increase apical surface area for better absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the structure that appears as a brush or striated border projecting into the lumen, commonly seen in cells lining the small intestine?

    <p>Microvilli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the connective tissue that underlies epithelia lining the organs of the digestive, respiratory, and urinary systems?

    <p>Lamina propria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which system is stereocilia primarily found?

    <p>Reproductive system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of papillae in epithelial tissues?

    <p>To increase the contact between epithelial and connective tissue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of stereocilia in epithelial cells?

    <p>To increase apical surface area for better absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are the lipid-rich membranes of epithelial cells frequently indistinguishable by light microscope?

    <p>Because they are rich in lipids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of nutrients and oxygen for epithelial cells?

    <p>The connective tissue surrounding the epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the layer of fine fibrils that provides structural support for epithelial cells?

    <p>Basal lamina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of secretory cells found in the lining of the small intestine and respiratory tract?

    <p>Secreting lubricating mucus that aids in organ functions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between exocrine and endocrine glands?

    <p>Exocrine glands have ducts, while endocrine glands do not</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of capillaries adjacent to endocrine cells?

    <p>To absorb the secreted hormone products for transport in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epithelium is commonly found in scattered secretory cells?

    <p>Simple cuboidal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the tubular ducts in exocrine glands?

    <p>To deliver secreted materials to the surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cell is abundantly found in the lining of the small intestine and respiratory tract?

    <p>Goblet cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of endocrine glands that distinguishes them from exocrine glands?

    <p>They lack ducts and secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the epithelium lining the tubular ducts in exocrine glands?

    <p>To form a barrier against the external environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of microvilli in the intestinal brush borders?

    <p>To increase the cell surface area for absorption</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of cilia in epithelial cells?

    <p>To move material over the epithelial surface in a parallel manner</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of secretory cells?

    <p>They synthesize, store, and release proteins, lipids, or carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do glands develop from covering epithelial cells in the fetus?

    <p>By cell proliferation and growth into the underlying connective tissue followed by further differentiation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the glycocalyx covering microvilli of the intestinal brush borders?

    <p>To include membrane-bound proteins and enzymes for digestion of macromolecules</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the primary cilium found in most cell types?

    <p>To detect light, odors, motion, and flow of liquid past the cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of epithelial cells that function in producing and secreting macromolecules?

    <p>They are called glands and develop from covering epithelial cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

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