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Questions and Answers
What is defined as the capacity to supply heat or do work?
What is defined as the capacity to supply heat or do work?
- Heat
- Force
- Energy (correct)
- Power
Which equation represents the work done when movement occurs against a restraining force?
Which equation represents the work done when movement occurs against a restraining force?
- w = mgh
- w = 1/2 mv^2
- w = Fd (correct)
- w = qΔT
What type of energy is described as flowing from a hotter to a colder object?
What type of energy is described as flowing from a hotter to a colder object?
- Heat (correct)
- Mechanical Energy
- Power
- Work
Which of the following is NOT a form of energy transfer mentioned?
Which of the following is NOT a form of energy transfer mentioned?
What happens when work is performed?
What happens when work is performed?
What type of energy arises from atomic and molecular motion?
What type of energy arises from atomic and molecular motion?
What form of energy is associated with lightning?
What form of energy is associated with lightning?
Which energy type originates from nuclear reactions?
Which energy type originates from nuclear reactions?
What happens to energy when it is converted from one form to another?
What happens to energy when it is converted from one form to another?
Which of the following is an example of radiant energy?
Which of the following is an example of radiant energy?
How is potential energy gained when lifting an object?
How is potential energy gained when lifting an object?
What is one type of chemical energy mentioned?
What is one type of chemical energy mentioned?
What separates the system from the surroundings in energy studies?
What separates the system from the surroundings in energy studies?
What type of energy is associated with the motion of an arrow when it is released from a bow?
What type of energy is associated with the motion of an arrow when it is released from a bow?
Which of the following is true about mechanical energy?
Which of the following is true about mechanical energy?
What happens to a book sitting on a table in terms of energy?
What happens to a book sitting on a table in terms of energy?
What is the gravitational potential energy of a 2562 g rock at a height of 280 meters?
What is the gravitational potential energy of a 2562 g rock at a height of 280 meters?
Which of the following forms of energy can be visibly seen when in use?
Which of the following forms of energy can be visibly seen when in use?
Which formula represents kinetic energy?
Which formula represents kinetic energy?
What type of energy is exemplified by food energy that can be released during digestion?
What type of energy is exemplified by food energy that can be released during digestion?
What happens to the potential energy of an object when it is moved to a lower height?
What happens to the potential energy of an object when it is moved to a lower height?
What must be consistent throughout a particular problem regarding energy transfer?
What must be consistent throughout a particular problem regarding energy transfer?
Which of the following units is equivalent to 1 Joule?
Which of the following units is equivalent to 1 Joule?
What is the correct definition of work in the context of energy transfer?
What is the correct definition of work in the context of energy transfer?
How does heat flow between systems?
How does heat flow between systems?
What is the unit conversion for 1 British Thermal Unit (BTU)?
What is the unit conversion for 1 British Thermal Unit (BTU)?
What is represented by the equation w = F∆d?
What is represented by the equation w = F∆d?
What occurs when two systems reach the same temperature?
What occurs when two systems reach the same temperature?
Which of the following measures energy equivalent to 1 cubic-meter-of-natural gas?
Which of the following measures energy equivalent to 1 cubic-meter-of-natural gas?
What is the relationship between the heat gained by the rebar and the heat lost by the water?
What is the relationship between the heat gained by the rebar and the heat lost by the water?
What is the formula that represents the heat transfer between the rebar and water?
What is the formula that represents the heat transfer between the rebar and water?
If 50 mL of HCl and 50 mL of NaOH at 22.0 °C produce a maximum temperature of 28.9 °C in a calorimeter, what is the sign of the heat produced by this reaction?
If 50 mL of HCl and 50 mL of NaOH at 22.0 °C produce a maximum temperature of 28.9 °C in a calorimeter, what is the sign of the heat produced by this reaction?
What assumption is typically made when calculating the heat produced in a calorimetry experiment?
What assumption is typically made when calculating the heat produced in a calorimetry experiment?
When glucose is burned in a bomb calorimeter, which heats up the calorimeter system?
When glucose is burned in a bomb calorimeter, which heats up the calorimeter system?
In the reaction between NaCl and AgNO3, what is produced when they are mixed in a calorimeter?
In the reaction between NaCl and AgNO3, what is produced when they are mixed in a calorimeter?
How is the final temperature affected when a hot solid is added to a cooler liquid in calorimetry?
How is the final temperature affected when a hot solid is added to a cooler liquid in calorimetry?
When calorimetry measures the heat of a reaction, what does qrxn typically represent?
When calorimetry measures the heat of a reaction, what does qrxn typically represent?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Energy
- Energy is defined by its effect on matter.
- The forms of energy include mechanical, thermal, radiant, electrical, nuclear, and chemical.
Mechanical Energy
- Mechanical energy is the sum of kinetic energy and potential energy.
Kinetic Energy
- Kinetic energy is the energy of motion.
- The equation for kinetic energy is EK= ½ mv2 = ½ m (v22 - v12).
Potential Energy
- Potential energy is stored energy.
- The equation for potential energy is EP= mg∆h = mg(h2 – h1).
Thermal Energy
- Thermal energy results from atomic and molecular motion.
- The temperature of an object is a measure of its thermal energy content.
Radiant Energy
- Radiant energy is the energy carried by light, microwaves, and radio waves.
Electrical Energy
- Electrical energy results from the flow of electrically charged particles.
Nuclear Energy
- Nuclear energy results from nuclear reactions or changes in the atomic nuclei.
Chemical Energy
- Chemical energy results from chemical reactions between atoms or molecules.
The Law of Conservation of Energy
- Energy cannot be created or destroyed.
Heat and Work - Forms of Energy Transfer
- Heat is the transfer of thermal energy between systems.
- Work is the transfer of mechanical energy between two systems.
Work
- Work (w) is calculated by the equation w = F∆d.
- w = F∆d cosØ is another equation to calculate work.
Heat
- Heat (q) is the transfer of thermal energy between molecules within a system.
- Heat always flows from high temperature to low temperature.
Calorimetry
- Calorimetry is the process of measuring the amount of heat released or absorbed during a chemical reaction or physical change.
- The general equation used is: qrxn = -qsoln.
- A bomb calorimeter is a device that measures the heat of combustion.
- The equation used to calculate the amount of heat produced by a bomb calorimeter is: qrxn=−(qwater+qbomb).
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