Introduction to Economics: Scarcity
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Questions and Answers

What is the reward for the use of capital?

  • Interest (correct)
  • Savings
  • Exchange
  • Depreciation

In a traditional economy, who primarily owns and produces goods?

  • Firms
  • Government
  • State
  • Households (correct)

What does opportunity cost refer to?

  • The value of what is given up (correct)
  • The value of savings
  • The value of the next best alternative
  • The value of current consumption

Which factor of production refers to the reduction of productivity of capital?

<p>Capital (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of a market economy or capitalism?

<p>Decisions are made by individuals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which economic system involves a mix of market and command systems?

<p>Mixed Economy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary focus of microeconomics?

<p>Studying the behavior of individuals and firms in decision-making (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which theory in microeconomics involves consumers aiming to maximize happiness by choosing a mix of goods within their budget?

<p>Utility theory (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of producers in the production theory of microeconomics?

<p>Minimize costs and maximize profits (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of microeconomics deals with describing economic phenomena without opinions, focusing on facts and objective analysis?

<p>Positive Microeconomics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In perfect competition, what aligns to establish economic equilibrium?

<p>Prices (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which branch of economics involves subjective judgments and opinions about how things should be or what ought to happen in the economy?

<p>Normative economics (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is economics primarily concerned with?

<p>Balancing the demand for goods and services with their limited availability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is considered the 'Father of Economics'?

<p>Adam Smith (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Wealth' refer to in economics?

<p>Anything with economic value (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT one of the 3 Es in economics?

<p>Excellence (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Consumption' refer to in economics?

<p>Utilization or usage of goods and services by consumers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four basic economic questions that need to be addressed?

<p>What to Produce, How to Produce, How much to Produce, For whom to produce (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does macroeconomics study?

<p>Relationships among broad economic aggregates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is national output related to income?

<p>National output generates equivalent income (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What measures unemployment?

<p>Percentage of jobless individuals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is deflation?

<p>Decrease in prices of goods and services (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which sector does macroeconomics NOT focus on?

<p>Individual stock market investments (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do macroeconomic policies aim to achieve?

<p>Job creation, wealth, and improved living standards (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of monetary policy?

<p>Regulating the money supply in an economy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why does the demand curve generally slope downwards?

<p>As prices fall, consumers substitute for other goods (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the Y-axis represent on a demand curve graph?

<p>Price of the products (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a demand schedule?

<p>To illustrate factors affecting demand (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT influence demand according to the text?

<p>Government revenue generation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the law of demand state?

<p>Quantity demanded increases as price decreases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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