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Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes the focus of synecology?
Which of the following best describes the focus of synecology?
- The study of groups of organisms as a unit in relation to their environment. (correct)
- The study of the earth's planetary environment.
- The study of abiotic factors and their interactions.
- The study of individual organisms and their adaptations.
Consider a scenario where a forest fire drastically alters a local ecosystem. Which level of ecological organization is most immediately affected by this event?
Consider a scenario where a forest fire drastically alters a local ecosystem. Which level of ecological organization is most immediately affected by this event?
- Molecule
- Biosphere
- Community (correct)
- Organism
In an ecosystem, what distinguishes a population from a community?
In an ecosystem, what distinguishes a population from a community?
- A population consists of multiple species, while a community consists of a single species.
- A population occupies a larger geographical area than a community.
- A population is a group of similar organisms, while a community is a group of different populations interacting. (correct)
- A population includes both living and non-living components, while a community only includes living components.
What is the correct hierarchical sequence (from simplest to most complex) for these levels of ecological organization: organism, ecosystem, population, community?
What is the correct hierarchical sequence (from simplest to most complex) for these levels of ecological organization: organism, ecosystem, population, community?
Which of the following exemplifies an abiotic-biotic interaction within an ecosystem?
Which of the following exemplifies an abiotic-biotic interaction within an ecosystem?
How does water availability most directly influence the distribution and abundance of hydrophytes?
How does water availability most directly influence the distribution and abundance of hydrophytes?
Consider a scenario where heavy rainfall leads to increased soil erosion in a forest. How could this abiotic event directly impact the biotic components of the ecosystem?
Consider a scenario where heavy rainfall leads to increased soil erosion in a forest. How could this abiotic event directly impact the biotic components of the ecosystem?
What role does water play in the context of seed germination, and how does this relate to its importance as an ecological factor?
What role does water play in the context of seed germination, and how does this relate to its importance as an ecological factor?
Flashcards
Ecology
Ecology
The scientific study of the interrelationship of plants, animals, and the environment.
Synecology
Synecology
Deals with the study of groups of organisms associated as a unit in relation to its environment.
Autecology
Autecology
Deals with the study of the individual organism, its life history, and adaptation.
Atom
Atom
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Molecule
Molecule
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Organelle
Organelle
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Tissue
Tissue
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Hydrophytes
Hydrophytes
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Study Notes
- Introduction to Environmental Science by Bernie C. Palacio, SO1, LPT
Ecology
- Ecology is the scientific study of the interrelationships of plants, animals, and their environment
- It's a branch of biology that studies how living things relate to each other and their surroundings
Subdivision of Ecology
- Autecology studies the individual organism, including life, history, behavior, characteristics, and adaptation to the environment
- Synecology studies groups of organisms associated as a unit relative to their environment
Levels of Organization
- Atom: The smallest particle of matter
- Molecule: The basic unit that forms the parts of a cell, e.g., water (Hâ‚‚O)
- Organelle: Part of a cell
- Cell: The smallest unit of living things
- Tissue: A group of similar cells
- Organ: A group of differentiated tissues performing the same work
- System: A group of different organs performing different functions
- Organism: An individual living thing (plant or animal)
- Population: A group of similar organisms occupying a definite area
- Community: A group of different populations interacting
- Ecosystem: A group of communities interacting with their physical factors
- Biosphere: All the ecosystems on earth with the physical environment
- Earth: The planetary environment
Ecosystem Interactions
- Abiotic-abiotic interaction: Relationships among physical factors in the environment, like temperature, sunlight, water, pH level, rainfall, rocks, wind, salinity, and soil
- Biotic-biotic interaction: Relationships among biotic factors within the community, also knowns as Biotic interactions
- Abiotic-biotic factor: The relationship between living and non-living things in a community
Abiotic Factors
- Water: An important ecological factor, an inorganic substance playing an important role in the ecosystem
- Water helps plant growth, transports substances in plants and animals, aids erosion, supports tissues, and composes a large percentage of the body tissue
- Hydrophytes: Plants thriving where water is abundant
- Halophytes: Plants thriving where water contains much dissolved salt
- Mesophytes: Plants needing a moderate water supply
- Xerophytes: Plants tolerating scanty water supply
- Tropophytes: Plants adapting to seasonal changes in water availability from the soil
- Soil: The character affects vegetation and animals that live in/on it
- Sandy soil: Inorganic particles larger than clay or silt
- Clay soil: The smallest inorganic particles compared to silt and sand
- Loam soil: Good for agriculture, made of gravel, sand, clay, and organic material (humus)
- Silt: Very fine soil/clay particles deposited as sediments
- Other abiotic factors: Sunlight and temperature
Biotic Factors
- Intraspecific relationship: Includes mating, assistance, gregariousness, and competition
- Interspecific relationship: Biological factors of great importance
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Description
An introduction to the study of ecology, covering its definition as the study of the relationships between plants, animals, and their environment. Includes subdivisions of ecology like autecology and synecology, and the levels of organization in living systems, from atoms to populations.
