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What is the science of dental materials?
What is the science of dental materials?
A basic science that deals with the physical, mechanical, and biological properties of dental materials.
Which of the following were used as early dental materials?
Which of the following were used as early dental materials?
The Etruscans developed the first partial dentures.
The Etruscans developed the first partial dentures.
True
Who is known as the 'Father of Modern Dentistry'?
Who is known as the 'Father of Modern Dentistry'?
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The study of dental materials helps in optimal selection and __________ of materials.
The study of dental materials helps in optimal selection and __________ of materials.
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What are preventive dental materials used for?
What are preventive dental materials used for?
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Which organization sets specifications for dental materials evaluation in the US?
Which organization sets specifications for dental materials evaluation in the US?
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Match types of dental materials with their classifications:
Match types of dental materials with their classifications:
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What are indirect restorative materials?
What are indirect restorative materials?
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Restorative materials can be further classified into preventive, auxiliary, and secondary materials.
Restorative materials can be further classified into preventive, auxiliary, and secondary materials.
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Study Notes
Introduction to Dental Materials
- Understanding dental materials is essential for optimal restoration outcomes.
- Science of Dental Materials encompasses physical, mechanical, and biological properties.
Historical Developments
- Ancient materials included seashells, ivory, bone, wood, metal wires, and human teeth.
- Etruscans (700-800 B.C.) created partial dentures.
- Mayans (600 B.C.) utilized implants and inlays.
- Phoenicians (2500 B.C.) employed gold wires and bands.
- Egyptian tooth doctors practiced dentistry as early as 3000 B.C.
- Pierre Fauchard (1678-1761) is recognized as the "Father of Modern Dentistry," publishing influential works on restorative materials in 1728.
- Innovations include wax impressions by Pfaff (1756) and patented “mineral paste” porcelain teeth by de Chamant (1792).
- G.V. Black (1895) made significant contributions to restorative dentistry.
Key Milestones
- 1915: Observation of fluoride's effects initiated.
- 1919: establishment of amalgam specifications by NIST.
- 1928: Dental Research Fellowship merged with ADA.
- 1935: Introduction of polymerized acrylic resin for denture bases.
- 1944: Fluoridation programs began in the U.S. at 1 ppm.
Importance of Studying Dental Materials
- Enhanced decision-making for material selection.
- Understanding material behavior is crucial for effective use.
- Safety considerations must be prioritized in material handling.
- Educating patients about the materials used.
- Facilitating comprehension of professional literature concerning dental materials.
Benefits of Dental Materials Science
- Influences the selection process of dental materials.
- Guides the evaluation processes to ensure quality and efficacy.
Selection and Evaluation of Materials
- Rigorous quality assurance programs are conducted by dental material manufacturers.
- Materials are subjected to standard specifications by ADA, FDA, and ISO.
- Laboratory evaluations ensure safety and efficacy outside of the human body, occasionally involving animal testing.
- Clinical trials are conducted in partnerships with universities or hospitals prior to product release.
Classification of Dental Materials
- Divided into Preventive, Restorative, and Auxiliary materials.
Preventive Dental Materials
- Aim to mitigate disease within the oral cavity.
- Examples include pit and fissure sealants, fluoride-releasing materials, and chemotherapeutic agents like chlorhexidine.
Restorative Dental Materials
- Comprise synthetic components for repairing or replacing tooth structures.
- Includes primers, bonding agents, cement bases, amalgam, resin-based composites, and cast metals.
- Further divided into:
- Direct Restorative Materials: Applied directly intra-orally.
- Indirect Restorative Materials: Fabricated outside the mouth onto casts.
Auxiliary Dental Materials
- Facilitate the creation of prostheses but do not become part of these devices.
- Include acid-etch solutions, impression materials, casting investments, gypsum material, dental waxes, and acrylic resins used in impressions and bleaching trays.
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Description
This quiz focuses on the fundamentals of dental materials, exploring their physical, mechanical, and biological properties. Understanding these properties is essential for dental professionals to select and manipulate materials effectively for patient restorations.
