Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a core characteristic of deep learning?
What is a core characteristic of deep learning?
- Use of fewer layers compared to traditional neural networks.
- Utilization of deeper neural networks with more layers/modules. (correct)
- Application of linear models for data representation.
- Focus on explicit feature engineering rather than learning representations.
What is a key aspect of deep learning models?
What is a key aspect of deep learning models?
- Limited to processing only numerical data inputs.
- Incapable of handling varying sizes of input or output.
- Inflexible in adapting to different input and output types.
- Designed to be flexible with various input/output types and sizes. (correct)
Which of the following is NOT a primary driver behind the recent rise and success of deep learning?
Which of the following is NOT a primary driver behind the recent rise and success of deep learning?
- Development of open-source tools and models.
- Availability of large datasets with labels for training.
- Increased complexity in traditional algorithms. (correct)
- Advances in computing power, especially GPUs and TPUs.
What benefit do open source tools and models provide to the field of deep learning?
What benefit do open source tools and models provide to the field of deep learning?
In the context of deep learning, what does the term 'differentiable functional programming' refer to?
In the context of deep learning, what does the term 'differentiable functional programming' refer to?
Which of these is an example of deep learning being applied to speech-to-text technology?
Which of these is an example of deep learning being applied to speech-to-text technology?
Which of the following image processing tasks is commonly tackled using deep learning techniques?
Which of the following image processing tasks is commonly tackled using deep learning techniques?
In what area has Deep Learning made significant strides by enabling computers to understand and generate human language?
In what area has Deep Learning made significant strides by enabling computers to understand and generate human language?
Which area of study is NOT listed as benefiting from applications of deep learning?
Which area of study is NOT listed as benefiting from applications of deep learning?
What is the primary role of GPUs and TPUs in deep learning?
What is the primary role of GPUs and TPUs in deep learning?
What does the term 'generative models' refer to in the context of deep learning?
What does the term 'generative models' refer to in the context of deep learning?
What does the acronym NLP stand for?
What does the acronym NLP stand for?
Which of these deep learning libraries/frameworks is described as high-level front end?
Which of these deep learning libraries/frameworks is described as high-level front end?
What is the purpose of a computation graph in deep learning?
What is the purpose of a computation graph in deep learning?
What fundamental mathematical concept is crucial for training deep learning models, facilitated by computation graphs?
What fundamental mathematical concept is crucial for training deep learning models, facilitated by computation graphs?
Which of the following best describes how the computation of gradients is handled in modern deep learning frameworks like TensorFlow 2 and PyTorch?
Which of the following best describes how the computation of gradients is handled in modern deep learning frameworks like TensorFlow 2 and PyTorch?
Which of the following tasks is NOT typically associated with deep learning applications in computer vision?
Which of the following tasks is NOT typically associated with deep learning applications in computer vision?
What key advantage does deep learning offer in tasks like image recognition and natural language processing compared to traditional machine learning algorithms?
What key advantage does deep learning offer in tasks like image recognition and natural language processing compared to traditional machine learning algorithms?
How does the application of deep learning in genomics contribute to advancements in the field?
How does the application of deep learning in genomics contribute to advancements in the field?
In the context of computation graphs, what is the significance of all modules being 'differentiable'?
In the context of computation graphs, what is the significance of all modules being 'differentiable'?
What is a primary advantage of using deep learning in scientific simulations, as demonstrated in physics and chemistry?
What is a primary advantage of using deep learning in scientific simulations, as demonstrated in physics and chemistry?
Which of the following best describes a 'computation graph' within a deep learning context?
Which of the following best describes a 'computation graph' within a deep learning context?
How does deep learning contribute to the field of game playing, as exemplified by AlphaGo?
How does deep learning contribute to the field of game playing, as exemplified by AlphaGo?
What is the role of 'parameters' in a neural network, as they relate to computation graphs?
What is the role of 'parameters' in a neural network, as they relate to computation graphs?
Among the open-source tools and models mentioned, which is most geared towards natural language processing?
Among the open-source tools and models mentioned, which is most geared towards natural language processing?
What is the significance of AlphaFold in the application of deep learning to genomics?
What is the significance of AlphaFold in the application of deep learning to genomics?
Among the use cases for Deep Learning, which of the following is considered a 'Generative model'?
Among the use cases for Deep Learning, which of the following is considered a 'Generative model'?
What is the core idea behind using deep learning for image translation?
What is the core idea behind using deep learning for image translation?
What is a key difference between deep learning frameworks that use static computation graphs (e.g., Theano) versus dynamic graphs (e.g., PyTorch)?
What is a key difference between deep learning frameworks that use static computation graphs (e.g., Theano) versus dynamic graphs (e.g., PyTorch)?
How do Deep Learning's generative models relate to statistical probability?
How do Deep Learning's generative models relate to statistical probability?
When modeling images, what are some of the benefits of convolutions? (Select all that apply.)
When modeling images, what are some of the benefits of convolutions? (Select all that apply.)
Consider a scenario where you need to choose a deep learning framework for a new research project with the following constraints: The project requires rapid prototyping, easy debugging, and flexible model architectures. Which framework would be most suitable?
Consider a scenario where you need to choose a deep learning framework for a new research project with the following constraints: The project requires rapid prototyping, easy debugging, and flexible model architectures. Which framework would be most suitable?
How does 'transfer learning' typically leverage pre-trained deep learning models to accelerate and improve performance on new tasks?
How does 'transfer learning' typically leverage pre-trained deep learning models to accelerate and improve performance on new tasks?
Given a deep learning model trained for image classification, which technique would best help visualize the parts of an image that most influence the model's prediction?
Given a deep learning model trained for image classification, which technique would best help visualize the parts of an image that most influence the model's prediction?
What is the primary benefit of batch normalization in training deep neural networks?
What is the primary benefit of batch normalization in training deep neural networks?
Which loss functions would you employ to classify images of cats and dogs?
Which loss functions would you employ to classify images of cats and dogs?
In the context of language models, what is 'word embedding'?
In the context of language models, what is 'word embedding'?
In deep learning-based object detection models, what purpose do 'anchor boxes' serve?
In deep learning-based object detection models, what purpose do 'anchor boxes' serve?
What technique does AlphaGo/Zero employ to master the game of Go?
What technique does AlphaGo/Zero employ to master the game of Go?
Which of the following is the MOST accurate description of a neural network?
Which of the following is the MOST accurate description of a neural network?
What is a vanishing gradient concern in machine learning?
What is a vanishing gradient concern in machine learning?
Flashcards
What is Deep Learning?
What is Deep Learning?
Neural networks with more layers/modules, non-linear, hierarchical structure.
Why Deep Learning Now?
Why Deep Learning Now?
Better algorithms, more computing power (GPUs, TPUs), larger datasets, and open-source tools.
Open source DL tools
Open source DL tools
Libraries and frameworks like Keras, TensorFlow, PyTorch, MXNet, Theano, CNTK etc.
DL in Speech-to-Text
DL in Speech-to-Text
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DL in Computer Vision
DL in Computer Vision
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DL in NLP
DL in NLP
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DL with Vision + NLP
DL with Vision + NLP
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DL in Image Translation
DL in Image Translation
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DL Generative Models
DL Generative Models
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DL in Genomics
DL in Genomics
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DL in Chemistry/Physics
DL in Chemistry/Physics
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DL for AI in Games
DL for AI in Games
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Computation Graph
Computation Graph
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Computation Graph Building Blocks
Computation Graph Building Blocks
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Automatic Gradient Computation
Automatic Gradient Computation
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Dynamic Differentiable Modules
Dynamic Differentiable Modules
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Vectorization with GPUs/TPUs
Vectorization with GPUs/TPUs
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Study Notes
- The goal of an introduction to deep learning class includes:
- When and where to use deep learning
- How deep learning works
- Frontiers of deep learning
- Learn to implement deep learning using Numpy and Tensorflow
- Learn engineering knowledge for building and training deep learning models using Keras
What is Deep Learning?
- Neural Networks are good old and have been around with the addition of more layers/modules
- DL is non-linear, hierarchical, and can create abstract representations of data
- DL creates flexible models with any input/output type and size
- DL is differentiable functional programming
Why now?
- There are better algorithms and more understanding of DL
- There is more computing power thanks to GPUs and TPUs
- There is more data available with labels
- There are open source tools and models available
Applications of DL Today
- Speech-to-text
- Vision applications
- Natural Language Processing
- Image translation
- Generative models
- Applications in Science: Genomics, Chemistry, and Physics
- AI in games
- Recommened reading: deeplearningbook.org, Francois Chollet's book, Aurélien Géron's book
Libraries and Frameworks
- Keras is used as a high-level front end for TensorFlow, MXNet, Theano, and CNTK
- Available libraries and frameworks include: TensorFlow, PyTorch, JAX, MXNet, Theano, CNTK, Caffe, gensim, spaCy
Computation Graph
- Neural network = parametrized, non-linear function
- Computation graph: Directed graph of functions, depending on parameters (neuron weights)
- Combination of linear (parametrized) and non-linear functions
- Not only sequential application of functions
- Automatic computation of gradients: all modules are differentiable!
- Theano (now Aesara), Tensorflow 1, etc. build a static computation graph via static declarations.
- Tensorflow 2, PyTorch JAX etc. rely on dynamic differentiable modules: "define-by-run".
- Vector computation GPU and accelerator (GPU and TPU).
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