Introduction to Databases

Software designed to manage databases, providing functionalities to define, create, query, update and administer databases.

Applications that help users create, manage and manipulate databases. They provide an interface to interact with the data and perform various operations like querying, updating and reporting.

The highest level of abstraction, defining the main entities and relationships in a way that is technology-agnostic.

A detailed but still abstract level specifying tables, columns and relationships, ready to be mapped to a specific DBMS.

Describes how data is actually stored in the database, the lowest level of abstraction.

Retrieves specific columns from a table.

Inserts new data into a table, specifying column names and corresponding values.

Modifies existing data in a table based on specific criteria.

Removes data from a table based on specified criteria.

Modifies the structure of a table, often adding new columns.

Erases an entire table and all its associated data.

Combines data from two or more tables based on a shared column, returning only rows with matching values.

Combines data from two or more tables, returning all rows from the left table and the matched rows from the right table, using NULLs for non-matching values.

Combines data from two or more tables, returning all rows from the right table and the matched rows from the left table, using NULLs for non-matching values.

A way to define how entities in a database are related to each other. It describes the number of instances of one entity that can be connected to instances of another entity.

A relationship where one instance of an entity can only be associated with one instance of another entity. Example: One person has one DNI.

A relationship where one instance of an entity can be associated with multiple instances of another entity. Example: One school has many students.

A relationship where multiple instances of one entity can be associated with one instance of another entity. Example: Many employees work in one store.

A relationship where multiple instances of one entity can be associated with multiple instances of another entity. Example: Many employees can enroll in many trainings, and many trainings can have many employees enrolled. Requires an intermediate table.

A process that improves data integrity and reduces redundancies in a database by organizing fields and tables. It aims to ensure that data is stored in a structured and efficient way.

The process of defining the structure, storage and retrieval mechanisms of data within a database system. It involves creating a blueprint, a structure for how data will be stored, accessed and managed.

A type of database management system (DBMS) that stores data in a graph structure, representing entities as nodes and relationships between them as edges.

A data model used in graph databases, depicting entities as nodes and relationships between them as edges. This structure effectively represents interconnected data.

A key-value store database where data are stored in key-value pairs. It excels at fast data access and retrieval, making it suitable for applications requiring high-speed performance.

A graph database management system specializing in storing, managing, and querying interconnected data. It's highly efficient in handling complex relationships between data points, making it suitable for various use cases where connection analysis is crucial.

A managed cloud service for deploying and running Neo4j databases. It offers the benefits of Neo4j graph database technology without needing to manage infrastructure, ensuring scalability, security, and reliability in the cloud.

The core product of Neo4j, available in both Community and Enterprise editions. This graph database management system enables the efficient modeling, storage, and querying of highly connected data.

MongoDB's ability to handle data with varying structures. It allows for flexibility in adding or modifying fields without affecting existing data, making it ideal for evolving data requirements.

Techniques used to distribute workload across multiple servers. This improves performance by allowing simultaneous processing of requests instead of relying on a single server, especially critical when handling millions of users.

A database that stores data in a document-like format, allowing flexibility in structure and content. Each document can contain fields like title, body, author, and tags.