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Questions and Answers
What is a significant disadvantage of mesh topology?
In a star topology, what is the role of the central node?
Which of the following describes a simplex communication system?
What component of data communication serves as the rules that govern the exchange of data?
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How is the number of links calculated in a bus topology?
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Which topology can face challenges with signal degradation?
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Which data representation method is typically used to encode text?
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What is a primary characteristic of a Personal Area Network (PAN)?
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In a full-duplex communication system, what capability do the devices have?
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Which topology is characterized by its fault identification and isolation being straightforward?
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Which of the following topologies connects each device to every other device in the network?
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What is a disadvantage of the star topology?
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What does distributed processing in a network refer to?
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Which statement describes a Campus Area Network (CAN)?
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What type of network connection allows multiple devices to share a single communication link?
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Which of the following is NOT a criterion used to evaluate network performance?
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What is the primary purpose of a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)?
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Which of the following best describes the function of a Wide Area Network (WAN)?
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Which of the following correctly defines a protocol in data communication?
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What is the role of standards organizations like ISO and IEEE?
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Jitter in data communication refers to which of the following?
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What characteristic of data communication ensures that the data delivered has not been altered during transmission?
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Which of the following statements about the internet is true?
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What does a point-to-point WAN commonly connect?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Data Communication
- Data refers to information in an agreed format used by communicators.
- Telecommunication involves communication over distances.
- Data communication is the exchange of data between two devices via a transmission medium like wires.
Components of Data Communication
- Message: The information intended to be communicated.
- Sender: The device originating the data message (e.g., computer, phone).
- Receiver: The device that accepts the incoming message.
- Transmission Medium: The physical pathway for data (e.g., STP, coaxial cables, fiber optics).
- Protocol: A set of rules that dictate how data is communicated.
Data Representation
- Text: Encoded in bit patterns, often using ASCII.
- Numbers: Directly converted into binary bit patterns.
- Images: Represented as matrices of pixels.
- Audio/Video: Also represented using specific bit patterns.
Data Flow Types
- Simplex: One-way communication (e.g., Monitor).
- Half-Duplex: Both sender and receiver can communicate, but not simultaneously (e.g., CB Radio).
- Full-Duplex: Simultaneous communication between sender and receiver (e.g., Telephone).
Networks Overview
- A network consists of interconnected devices (nodes) via communication links.
- Node: Any device capable of sending/receiving data.
- Distributed Processing: Tasks are performed across multiple computers in a network.
Network Performance Criteria
- Performance: Measures throughput and delay.
- Reliability: Assesses frequency of failures and recovery.
- Security: Protects data during transmission.
Physical Structures of Networks
- Networks are categorized by connection types:
- Point-to-Point: Direct link between two devices.
- Multipoint: A shared link among multiple devices.
Network Topologies
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Mesh Topology: Every device directly connected to every other device.
- Advantages: Robustness, privacy, easy fault isolation.
- Disadvantages: High cabling costs.
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Star Topology: Devices connected to a central hub.
- Advantages: Cost-effective, easy isolation of faults.
- Disadvantages: Dependency on central hub.
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Bus Topology: All devices connected to a single backbone line.
- Advantages: Simple installation.
- Disadvantages: Difficult fault isolation, potential signal degradation.
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Ring Topology: Each device connected to two others, forming a ring.
- Advantages: Easy fault isolation, adaptable to changes.
- Disadvantages: Unidirectional traffic.
- Hybrid Topology: Combination of the aforementioned topologies.
Categories of Networks
- Personal Area Network (PAN): Wireless network connecting devices nearby an individual, such as laptops or sensors.
- Local Area Network (LAN): Connects computers in a localized area like a building, facilitating resource sharing.
- Campus Area Network (CAN): Offers wireless access across multiple buildings within a limited area such as a university campus.
- Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN): Connects users within a city or large campus, designed for high-speed connectivity.
- Wide Area Network (WAN): Covers large geographical areas, can connect multiple LANs and involve complex equipment.
Protocols vs. Standards
- Protocol: Defines rules for data communication (what, how, when).
- Standard: Provides guidelines for interoperability between devices.
- Organizations setting standards include ISO, ANSI, and IEEE.
The Internet
- Internet: A network of interconnected networks, established in 1969 with ARPANET.
- Nodes: Initial nodes included UCLA, UCSB, SRI, and Utah.
Characteristics of Data Communication
- Delivery: Ensures data reaches the correct destination.
- Accuracy: Data integrity during transmission is crucial.
- Timeliness: Data must be delivered within an acceptable timeframe.
- Jitter: Refers to variations in packet arrival time, impacting media transmission quality.
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Description
This quiz explores the foundational concepts of data communication, including the components involved, types of data representation, and communication protocols. Test your understanding of how data is exchanged between devices and the mediums used in telecommunication.
