Introduction to CSS
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Questions and Answers

Which CSS property is used to set the background color of an element?

  • background-attachment
  • background-position
  • background-image
  • background-color (correct)

What does the border property in CSS allow you to specify?

  • Style, width, and color of the border (correct)
  • Font style and size for an element
  • Size of white space around an element
  • Distance between elements

Which CSS properties are used to create white space outside the border of an element?

  • border
  • padding
  • margin (correct)
  • background

What is the purpose of the padding properties in CSS?

<p>To create space between the element content and its border (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following CSS properties is used to set the style of an element's border?

<p>border-style (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct syntax for using the style attribute in HTML?

<p>style=&quot;property:value;&quot; (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which CSS property is used to define the background color of an HTML element?

<p>background-color (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What unit can be used to define the font size in CSS?

<p>px (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which HTML element is commonly used as a container for other HTML elements?

<div> (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which method is NOT a way to add CSS styling to HTML elements?

<p>Embedded CSS (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which property controls the horizontal alignment of text within an HTML element?

<p>text-align (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes an inline element in HTML?

<p>It does not cause line breaks before and after it. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which way is considered the most common method to add CSS styles?

<p>External CSS (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of CSS?

<p>To describe how HTML elements are displayed. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the key advantage of using an external style sheet?

<p>It allows for consistent styling across multiple web pages. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where should the internal styling be defined in an HTML document?

<p>In the head section of the HTML page. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What file extension must a CSS file have?

<p>.css (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes inline styling?

<p>It is used for a unique style on a single HTML element. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant issue did CSS address in web development?

<p>The mix of content and styling in HTML. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about external stylesheets is true?

<p>They can control the layout of multiple web pages simultaneously. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the original intention of HTML according to the content?

<p>To describe the content of web pages. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method allows you to change the styles of an entire website by modifying a single file?

<p>External style sheet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines the order of precedence when multiple CSS styles are applied to an element?

<p>The specificity of selectors (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of CSS comments?

<p>To explain the code for future reference (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can multiple unrelated selectors receive the same styles in CSS?

<p>By using commas to separate selector names (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential drawback of using the !important flag in CSS?

<p>It complicates further styling and overrides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a correct way to insert CSS into an HTML document?

<p>Script style (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where should the reference to an external style sheet be placed in an HTML document?

<p>Inside the head section (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What character is used to begin and end CSS comments?

<p>/* and */ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do you select HTML elements with a specific class in CSS?

<p>By writing a period (.) followed by the class name. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What will be the appearance of an HTML element marked with both class='center' and class='large'?

<p>It will be red, center-aligned, and in a large font size. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of grouping selectors in CSS?

<p>To minimize code by sharing style definitions among multiple selectors. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the universal selector (*) do in CSS?

<p>It styles every element on the HTML page. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of using !important in a CSS rule?

<p>It overrides any styles regardless of their specificity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement about CSS classes and IDs is correct?

<p>Classes can be reused, while IDs must be unique. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when HTML elements have the same style definitions in CSS?

<p>Grouped selectors can be utilized to minimize code. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which CSS selector would style all paragraph elements aligned to the center and colored red?

<p>p.center { color: red; text-align: center; } (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which style has the highest priority when multiple styles are applied to an HTML element?

<p>Inline style (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can colors be specified in CSS?

<p>By valid color names, RGB values, or HEX values (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the main properties of CSS mentioned for styling?

<p>Color, Link, Font, and Box model (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the opacity property measure in CSS?

<p>The transparency of an element (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If a property is defined multiple times in different style sheets, which value will take effect?

<p>The value from the last read style sheet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element is NOT part of the CSS box model?

<p>Opacity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What order is generally followed in cascading styles from highest to lowest priority?

<p>Inline styles, external styles, internal styles, browser defaults (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

To define the background effects for elements in CSS, which property is used?

<p>Background (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Inline styling

Styling HTML elements directly within the HTML tag using the style attribute.

Internal CSS

Styling HTML using a style element in the head section of an HTML document.

External CSS

Styling HTML by linking separate CSS files to the HTML document.

CSS property

A characteristic of an HTML element that can be styled with CSS, like color or font size.

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CSS value

The specific setting of a CSS property, like 'red' for color or '16px' for font size.

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Block-level element (e.g., element)

An HTML element that takes up the full width available (often used for containers).

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Inline element (e.g., element)

An HTML element that only takes up the space it needs (often used with text).

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HTML style attribute syntax

The way to write CSS properties and their values within the style attribute, like style="color:red;".

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Inline Styling

Applying a unique style to a single HTML element using the style attribute within the element.

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Internal Styling

Defining styles for one HTML page within the element of that page.

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External Styling

Defining styles for multiple pages using separate CSS files linked to the HTML.

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CSS

Cascading Style Sheets; language used to describe how HTML elements appear.

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CSS file

A file containing CSS rules to style HTML documents.

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HTML purpose

HTML describes the content of a web page (not the formatting).

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CSS vs HTML Problem

HTML formatting in HTML code made large-scale web development difficult. CSS solved this by separating formatting from the content itself ensuring efficient style updating across many pages.

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External CSS Use

External CSS files are linked to HTML documents to apply styles to all pages.

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CSS Class Selector

Selects HTML elements with a specific class name. Uses a period (.) followed by the class name.

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Multiple Classes

HTML elements can have multiple class names applied to them, which can be styled using CSS.

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Grouping Selectors

Combining selectors for the same style definition to minimize code duplication.

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Universal Selector

A selector that applies styles to every element on a web page.

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Specificity

A measure of the precision in selecting HTML elements, with IDs being the most specific.

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!important

A declaration that overrides any style in the CSS style sheet, no matter how specific it is.

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CSS Selector

A set of rules that select elements in an HTML document.

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CSS Styling

Applying style attributes for visual formatting in HTML and webpages.

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CSS Selectors

Used to target specific HTML elements in CSS styling. More specific selectors override less specific ones.

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Selector Specificity

The priority level of a CSS selector. More specific selections override less specific ones. Tags <-> Classes <-> IDs

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Chained Selectors

Combining multiple selectors to target elements with certain parent-child relationships.

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!important flag

Forces a CSS style to override any other style, even more specific ones.

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External Style Sheet

A separate CSS file linked to an HTML document, used to style multiple pages.

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Internal Style Sheet

CSS rules written directly within the HTML document, affecting only that one page.

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Inline Styles

Applying styles directly to individual HTML elements using the style attribute.

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CSS Comments

Explanatory notes in your CSS code, ignored by browsers.

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Background Color

Sets the color behind an HTML element.

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Background Image

Adds an image to the background of an HTML element.

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Background Repeat

Controls how a background image is repeated.

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CSS Box Model

Defines the different parts of an HTML element's appearance (content, padding, border, margin).

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Padding

Space between content and border of an element.

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Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)

A language that controls the visual presentation of web pages.

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Inline styles

Styles applied directly within an HTML element.

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CSS colors

Ways to specify colors in CSS, like 'red', RGB values, or HEX values.

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CSS background properties

Used to set background effects for web page elements.

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Opacity

How transparent an element is, from 0 to 1. 0 is fully transparent; 1 is fully opaque.

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CSS priority

Inline styles have the highest priority in styling elements, overriding other styles.

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Main CSS properties (list)

Key CSS features, including color, background, font, border, margin, padding, and links.

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CSS Cascade

Rules for determining which styles are applied when multiple styles are defined for an element.

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Study Notes

Introduction to CSS

  • CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets
  • CSS is used to style HTML elements
  • CSS styling can be added to HTML elements in three ways: inline, internal, or external.

The HTML Style Attribute

  • Setting the style of an HTML element can be done using the style attribute.
  • The syntax for the style attribute is style="property:value;".
  • The property is a CSS property.
  • The value is a CSS value.

HTML Background Color

  • The background-color property defines the background color for an HTML element.
  • Example usage: <body style="background-color:lightgrey;">

HTML Text Color

  • The color property defines the text color for an HTML element.

HTML Fonts

  • The font-family property defines the font to be used for an HTML element.
  • Example usage: <h1 style="font-family: verdana;">

HTML Text Size

  • The font-size property defines the text size for an HTML element.
  • Values can be percentages or pixels (e.g., 300%, 160px).

HTML Text Alignment

  • The text-align property defines the horizontal text alignment for an HTML element.

The <div> Element

  • The <div> element is a block-level element used as a container for other HTML elements.
  • It's commonly used to structure and style larger parts of a webpage.

The <span> Element

  • The <span> element is an inline-level element that can be used to group parts of a line of text.
  • It's often used for styling small parts of text, without breaking the flow of the text.

Styling HTML with CSS

  • CSS styles can be added in 3 ways.
    • Inline - inside the HTML element itself.
    • Internal - in the <head> section of the HTML file.
    • External - in separate .css files.

Inline Styling (Inline CSS)

  • Inline styling applies a unique style to a single HTML element using the style attribute.
  • This style's specificity is the highest and will override any other styles.
  • This is generally used for small, targeted adjustments only, rather than for whole website styles.

Internal Styling (Internal CSS)

  • Internal styling defines a style exclusively within one HTML page.
  • Styles are defined within a <style> element inside the HTML's <head> section.

External Styling (External CSS)

  • An external style sheet defines the style for multiple web pages, making it reusable and easy to change global styles.
  • Create a .css file containing styles.
  • Link to the external style sheet file within the HTML's <head> section using the <link> element.

CSS Syntax

  • A CSS rule-set consists of a selector (HTML element target) and a declaration block enclosed in curly braces ({}).
  • Declarations define specific properties and their values within the block.

CSS Selectors

  • CSS selectors are used to identify or target specific HTML elements.
  • Selectors have different specificity levels.

The Element Selector

  • Selects all HTML elements of a specific type.

The Id Selector

  • Selects elements based on the id attribute. Each id value must be unique within a given webpage.

The Class Selector

  • Selects elements based on the specified class attribute. Classes can be repeated across multiple elements.

Grouping Selectors

  • You can group selectors to apply the same style to multiple HTML elements, reducing code duplication.

Universal Selector

  • The * selector applies styles to all HTML elements on a page (without regard for their type).

!important

  • The !important flag overrides other styles, though use sparingly – overriding styles may not be predictable across browsers.

Review CSS Selectors

  • CSS selects HTML elements for styling through tag name, ID, or class.
  • Multiple classes can be applied to the same element.
  • IDs are more specific than classes in CSS.
  • CSS selectors can be combined to be more specific

Nested Elements

  • Nested HTML elements can be styled by specifying the selectors in nested groupings (with spaces between them).

Multiple Unrelated Selectors

  • Multiple unrelated selectors can receive the same styles by grouping them with commas.

CSS Comments

  • CSS comments are ignored by browsers and used for clarifying code or providing notes.

Three Ways to Insert CSS

  • External, internal, or inline styling methodologies; inline styling has the highest priority.

External Style Sheet

  • An external style sheet file can be edited in any text editor and linked from the webpage.
  • Avoid adding HTML code in the .css file.
  • Save external style sheets with the .css extension.

Internal Style Sheet

  • Internal style is included in the <head> section using the <style> tag.

Inline Styles

  • Inline styles apply unique styles to a specific HTML element using the style attribute.

Multiple Style Sheets

  • The last read style sheet's property receives use if multiple style sheets define the same selector.

Cascading Order

  • Priority order for the rendering of styles.
    1. Inline
    2. External, Internal
    3. Browser default

Main CSS Properties

  • Main functionalities for CSS.

CSS Colors

  • Colors are often specified by names, RGB values, or HEX values.

Opacity

  • Opacity defines the transparency level of an element – from 0% (invisible) to 100% (fully opaque).

CSS Backgrounds

  • Background properties for CSS.

CSS Fonts

  • Properties to set fonts, including backup fonts and font style.

The Box Model

  • The box model is a conceptual model describing how elements (as boxes) are placed and sized on a page.

CSS Borders

  • Properties to set the border style, width and color properties.

CSS Margins

  • Properties to create space outside the elements' borders

CSS Padding

  • Properties to create space between the element's content and the border.
  • The different states of links (a:link, a:visited, a:hover, and a:active) and how they can be represented with different styles

CSS Lists

  • Properties to define ordered lists, unordered lists, image-based lists and adding background colors to lists

CSS Navigation Bars

  • Examples of horizontal and vertical navigation bars, and some reference links

CSS Website Outline

  • Example of a basic website outline with header, nav, main content, and footer divisions, which may be styled with CSS.

Further information

  • Review the provided URL: https://www.w3schools.com/html/tryit.asp?filename=tryhtml id class for class and ID distinction.
  • Review the provided URL: https://www.w3schools.com/css/css_navbar.asp for a detailed example of styling navigation bars.
  • Review the provided URL: https://www.w3schools.com/css/css_website_layout.asp for a detailed website layout example.

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CSC 123: Fundamentals of Web Design PDF

Description

This quiz covers the fundamentals of CSS, including its purpose in styling HTML elements. You will learn about using the style attribute, setting background and text colors, and specifying fonts and sizes in CSS. Test your knowledge on how CSS enhances the presentation of web documents.

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