Introduction to Criminology
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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of criminology according to Edwin H. Sutherland?

  • The study of the control of crimes and the rehabilitation of offenders.
  • The study of the causes of crime and the efforts of society to prevent and repress them. (correct)
  • The investigation of the universal validity of criminology as a science.
  • The scientific analysis of the nature of criminal law and its administration.

    • Who coined the term 'criminologia' and when?

  • George Wilker, in 1885.
  • Paul Topinard, a French Anthropologist, in 1889.
  • Edwin H. Sutherland, in 1889.
  • Rafael Garofalo, an Italian Law Professor, in 1885. (correct)

    • What is the meaning of the term 'criminology' based on its etymology?

  • The study of the nature of criminal law and its administration.
  • The study of crime and criminals. (correct)
  • The study of the control of crimes and the rehabilitation of offenders.
  • The investigation of the universal validity of criminology as a science.

    • What are the three principal divisions of criminology according to the text?

    <p>Etiology of Crimes, Sociology of Law, and Penology.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to George Wilker, why can't criminology become a science?

    <p>Because it has not yet acquired universal validity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key focus of the Sociology of Law division of criminology?

    <p>The investigation of the nature of criminal law and its administration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons why criminology is considered a social science?

    <p>It applies universally accepted principles and concepts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'criminal epidiomology' refer to?

    <p>The study of the relationship between environment and criminality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the nature of criminology is NOT true, according to the text?

    <p>It is a field that focuses solely on the biological causes of crime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'victimology' refer to?

    <p>The study of the role of the victim in the commission of a crime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT listed as a scope in the study of criminology, according to the text?

    <p>Study of the relationship between criminality and socioeconomic status</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the nature of criminology is TRUE?

    <p>It is a field that considers the history, culture, and laws of a country</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Criminology Definition and History

    • According to Edwin H. Sutherland, criminology is the study of the processes of making laws, breaking laws, and reacting to the breaking of laws.
    • The term "criminologia" was coined by Raffaele Garofalo in 1885.
    • The term "criminology" comes from the Greek words "kriminos" (crime) and "logos" (study or science), literally meaning "the study of crime".

    Divisions of Criminology

    • Criminology can be divided into three principal areas:
      • The study of the nature of crime and delinquency
      • The study of the causes of crime and delinquency
      • The study of the control and prevention of crime and delinquency

    Criminology as a Science

    • According to George Wilker, criminology cannot become a science because it involves the study of human behavior, which is inherently complex and unpredictable.

    Sociology of Law

    • The key focus of the Sociology of Law division of criminology is the study of the relationships between law and society.

    Characteristics of Criminology

    • Criminology is considered a social science because it involves the study of human behavior, social structures, and the interactions between individuals and society.
    • Criminology is not a natural science because it does not involve the study of physical phenomena or laws.
    • The term "criminal epidemiology" refers to the study of the distribution and patterns of crime in a population.

    Victimology

    • The term "victimology" refers to the study of the victims of crime, including their experiences, needs, and roles in the criminal justice system.

    Scope of Criminology

    • Criminology involves the study of the causes and consequences of crime, as well as the social and political responses to crime.
    • However, the study of the physical characteristics of criminals (e.g., phrenology) is NOT a scope of criminology.

    Nature of Criminology

    • Criminology is an interdisciplinary field that draws on theories and methods from sociology, psychology, law, and other disciplines.
    • Criminology is NOT a fixed or unchanging field, but rather a dynamic and evolving field that responds to new developments and challenges.

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    Description

    Explore the fundamental concepts in criminology through an overview of crime as a social phenomenon, the process of law-making and law-breaking, and society's responses to criminal behavior. Discover the scientific study of the causes of crime in relation to individuals and society.

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