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Questions and Answers
What is the definition of criminology according to Edwin H. Sutherland?
Who coined the term 'criminologia' and when?
What is the meaning of the term 'criminology' based on its etymology?
What are the three principal divisions of criminology according to the text?
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According to George Wilker, why can't criminology become a science?
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What is the key focus of the Sociology of Law division of criminology?
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Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons why criminology is considered a social science?
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What does the term 'criminal epidiomology' refer to?
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Which of the following statements about the nature of criminology is NOT true, according to the text?
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What does the term 'victimology' refer to?
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Which of the following is NOT listed as a scope in the study of criminology, according to the text?
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Which of the following statements about the nature of criminology is TRUE?
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Study Notes
Criminology Definition and History
- According to Edwin H. Sutherland, criminology is the study of the processes of making laws, breaking laws, and reacting to the breaking of laws.
- The term "criminologia" was coined by Raffaele Garofalo in 1885.
- The term "criminology" comes from the Greek words "kriminos" (crime) and "logos" (study or science), literally meaning "the study of crime".
Divisions of Criminology
- Criminology can be divided into three principal areas:
- The study of the nature of crime and delinquency
- The study of the causes of crime and delinquency
- The study of the control and prevention of crime and delinquency
Criminology as a Science
- According to George Wilker, criminology cannot become a science because it involves the study of human behavior, which is inherently complex and unpredictable.
Sociology of Law
- The key focus of the Sociology of Law division of criminology is the study of the relationships between law and society.
Characteristics of Criminology
- Criminology is considered a social science because it involves the study of human behavior, social structures, and the interactions between individuals and society.
- Criminology is not a natural science because it does not involve the study of physical phenomena or laws.
- The term "criminal epidemiology" refers to the study of the distribution and patterns of crime in a population.
Victimology
- The term "victimology" refers to the study of the victims of crime, including their experiences, needs, and roles in the criminal justice system.
Scope of Criminology
- Criminology involves the study of the causes and consequences of crime, as well as the social and political responses to crime.
- However, the study of the physical characteristics of criminals (e.g., phrenology) is NOT a scope of criminology.
Nature of Criminology
- Criminology is an interdisciplinary field that draws on theories and methods from sociology, psychology, law, and other disciplines.
- Criminology is NOT a fixed or unchanging field, but rather a dynamic and evolving field that responds to new developments and challenges.
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Description
Explore the fundamental concepts in criminology through an overview of crime as a social phenomenon, the process of law-making and law-breaking, and society's responses to criminal behavior. Discover the scientific study of the causes of crime in relation to individuals and society.
