Introduction to Computing: Computer Networks
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary use of networking in communication?

Sending and receiving of electronic-mail (e-mail) messages

What type of data can be sent via e-mail?

Text, audio, video, and pictures

What is the primary use of video conferencing?

Holding meetings between people in different locations

What is the purpose of taking back-ups of critical data on networked computers?

<p>For back-up and support</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of transmission media?

<p>Guided and unguided media</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of guided media?

<p>Sending data signals along a specific path</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of wiring used to minimize external disturbance on copper wires?

<p>Twisted Pair and Coaxial Pair</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of signal do optical fibers transmit?

<p>Light signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four key elements involved in the communication process?

<p>sender of information, receiver of information, language used for communication, and medium used to establish the communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of resource sharing in an organization?

<p>Availability of the resource to different users, optimal use of the resource, easy maintenance, and cost savings</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of networking of computers?

<p>Provides a communication link between users and access to information</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is facilitated by networking, in addition to physical resource sharing?

<p>Sharing of information</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why may small organizations not provide resources to each individual?

<p>It may not be feasible due to cost constraints</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of data communication in computer networks?

<p>Transfer of data across the communication media</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an additional benefit of resource sharing in an organization?

<p>Easy maintenance of resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of networking computers in an organization?

<p>Access to information and a communication link between users</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using twisted pair cabling in data networks?

<p>relatively lower costs</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of twisted pair cables?

<p>Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) and Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the metal foil covering in STP cables?

<p>additional protection from external disturbances</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main disadvantage of STP cables?

<p>increases the resistance to the signal and thus decreases the length of the cable</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum distance that UTP cables can be used for transmission?

<p>up to 100m</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the inner conductor in a coaxial cable?

<p>to transmit electric signals</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the material used for the inner and outer conductors in a coaxial cable?

<p>copper wire</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the electromagnetic field carrying the signal exist in a coaxial cable?

<p>in the space between the inner and outer conductors</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a major difference between a repeater and a bridge in a network?

<p>A bridge does not forward electrical interference signals to the other segment, whereas a repeater does.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a bridge in a network?

<p>To connect two LAN segments and divide a network into separate broadcast domains to reduce network traffic.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a bridge forward frames to the other segment?

<p>Only if necessary, and only if the frame is meant for a computer on the other segment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a hub and a repeater?

<p>A repeater amplifies the incoming signal, while a hub does not.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do hubs increase network traffic?

<p>By broadcasting data to all devices connected to all the ports of the hub.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using a switch over a hub?

<p>Each computer attached to a switch has a simulated LAN segment, allowing multiple computers to interact simultaneously.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a switch in a network?

<p>To connect multiple computers in a network or different segments of the same network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What information does a data frame contain in a switch?

<p>The MAC address of the destination computer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a switch in a network?

<p>To forward data to the appropriate port based on the MAC address of the frame</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between a switch and a bridge?

<p>A switch is used for filtering capabilities, while a bridge is used to extend the distance of a network</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a router in a network?

<p>To connect heterogeneous networks and route packets accordingly</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a gateway in a network?

<p>To connect two dissimilar networks and convert packets between protocols</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does a switch forward data in a network?

<p>By checking the MAC address of the frame and forwarding it to the appropriate port</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of using switches in a network?

<p>It allows multiple computers to send data simultaneously</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between a switch and a router?

<p>A switch operates at the data link layer, while a router operates at the network layer</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using gateways in a network?

<p>To connect networks with different protocols and translate packets between them</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Introduction to Computing: Computer Networks

  • Communication between computers involves a sender, receiver, language, and medium, similar to human communication.
  • The importance of networking:
    • Resource sharing: sharing resources like printers, fax machines, and scanners.
    • Sharing information: accessing information stored on networked computers.
    • Communication medium: sending and receiving emails, video conferencing, and online communication.
    • Back-up and support: using networked computers for back-up and support.

Data Transmission Media

  • Guided media:
    • Copper wire: transmits data as electric signals, with low resistance for long-distance transmission.
    • Optical fiber: transmits data as light signals.
  • Unguided media:
    • Radio, microwave, and satellite transmissions: transmitting data through air.

Guided Media: Twisted Pair and Coaxial Cable

  • Twisted pair:
    • Consists of four pairs of copper wires coated with insulating material, twisted together.
    • Reduces electromagnetic interference from external sources.
    • Two types: Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) and Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP).
  • Coaxial cable:
    • Has a single inner conductor that transmits electric signals, with an outer conductor that acts as a ground.
    • Used for long-distance transmission.

Network Devices

  • Bridge:
    • Connects two LAN segments, forwarding complete and correct frames to the other segment.
    • Does not forward electrical interference signals to the other segment.
    • Used to divide a network into separate broadcast domains to reduce network traffic.
  • Hub:
    • Connects multiple segments of the same network.
    • Does not amplify the incoming signal.
    • Used to connect computers to a network using Star topology.
  • Switch:
    • Connects multiple computers in a network or different segments of the same network.
    • Forwards data frames to the destination computer based on the MAC address.
    • Does not broadcast data, reducing network traffic.
  • Router:
    • Connects heterogeneous networks using different technologies, media, and physical addressing schemes.
    • Determines the shortest or fastest route in a network and routes packets accordingly.
  • Gateway:
    • Connects two dissimilar networks, converting packets between different protocols.
    • Can be implemented in hardware, software, or both.

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This quiz covers the basics of computer networks, including the communication process, sender and receiver, language, and medium used to establish communication.

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