40 Questions
What is the primary use of networking in communication?
Sending and receiving of electronic-mail (e-mail) messages
What type of data can be sent via e-mail?
Text, audio, video, and pictures
What is the primary use of video conferencing?
Holding meetings between people in different locations
What is the purpose of taking back-ups of critical data on networked computers?
For back-up and support
What are the two types of transmission media?
Guided and unguided media
What is the primary function of guided media?
Sending data signals along a specific path
What are the two types of wiring used to minimize external disturbance on copper wires?
Twisted Pair and Coaxial Pair
What type of signal do optical fibers transmit?
Light signals
What are the four key elements involved in the communication process?
sender of information, receiver of information, language used for communication, and medium used to establish the communication
What is the benefit of resource sharing in an organization?
Availability of the resource to different users, optimal use of the resource, easy maintenance, and cost savings
What is the primary advantage of networking of computers?
Provides a communication link between users and access to information
What is facilitated by networking, in addition to physical resource sharing?
Sharing of information
Why may small organizations not provide resources to each individual?
It may not be feasible due to cost constraints
What is the primary purpose of data communication in computer networks?
Transfer of data across the communication media
What is an additional benefit of resource sharing in an organization?
Easy maintenance of resources
What is the result of networking computers in an organization?
Access to information and a communication link between users
What is the main advantage of using twisted pair cabling in data networks?
relatively lower costs
What are the two types of twisted pair cables?
Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) and Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
What is the purpose of the metal foil covering in STP cables?
additional protection from external disturbances
What is the main disadvantage of STP cables?
increases the resistance to the signal and thus decreases the length of the cable
What is the maximum distance that UTP cables can be used for transmission?
up to 100m
What is the purpose of the inner conductor in a coaxial cable?
to transmit electric signals
What is the material used for the inner and outer conductors in a coaxial cable?
copper wire
Where does the electromagnetic field carrying the signal exist in a coaxial cable?
in the space between the inner and outer conductors
What is a major difference between a repeater and a bridge in a network?
A bridge does not forward electrical interference signals to the other segment, whereas a repeater does.
What is the purpose of a bridge in a network?
To connect two LAN segments and divide a network into separate broadcast domains to reduce network traffic.
How does a bridge forward frames to the other segment?
Only if necessary, and only if the frame is meant for a computer on the other segment.
What is the main difference between a hub and a repeater?
A repeater amplifies the incoming signal, while a hub does not.
How do hubs increase network traffic?
By broadcasting data to all devices connected to all the ports of the hub.
What is the advantage of using a switch over a hub?
Each computer attached to a switch has a simulated LAN segment, allowing multiple computers to interact simultaneously.
What is the purpose of a switch in a network?
To connect multiple computers in a network or different segments of the same network.
What information does a data frame contain in a switch?
The MAC address of the destination computer.
What is the primary function of a switch in a network?
To forward data to the appropriate port based on the MAC address of the frame
What is the difference between a switch and a bridge?
A switch is used for filtering capabilities, while a bridge is used to extend the distance of a network
What is the primary function of a router in a network?
To connect heterogeneous networks and route packets accordingly
What is the primary function of a gateway in a network?
To connect two dissimilar networks and convert packets between protocols
How does a switch forward data in a network?
By checking the MAC address of the frame and forwarding it to the appropriate port
What is the advantage of using switches in a network?
It allows multiple computers to send data simultaneously
What is the main difference between a switch and a router?
A switch operates at the data link layer, while a router operates at the network layer
What is the purpose of using gateways in a network?
To connect networks with different protocols and translate packets between them
Study Notes
Introduction to Computing: Computer Networks
- Communication between computers involves a sender, receiver, language, and medium, similar to human communication.
- The importance of networking:
- Resource sharing: sharing resources like printers, fax machines, and scanners.
- Sharing information: accessing information stored on networked computers.
- Communication medium: sending and receiving emails, video conferencing, and online communication.
- Back-up and support: using networked computers for back-up and support.
Data Transmission Media
- Guided media:
- Copper wire: transmits data as electric signals, with low resistance for long-distance transmission.
- Optical fiber: transmits data as light signals.
- Unguided media:
- Radio, microwave, and satellite transmissions: transmitting data through air.
Guided Media: Twisted Pair and Coaxial Cable
- Twisted pair:
- Consists of four pairs of copper wires coated with insulating material, twisted together.
- Reduces electromagnetic interference from external sources.
- Two types: Shielded Twisted Pair (STP) and Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP).
- Coaxial cable:
- Has a single inner conductor that transmits electric signals, with an outer conductor that acts as a ground.
- Used for long-distance transmission.
Network Devices
- Bridge:
- Connects two LAN segments, forwarding complete and correct frames to the other segment.
- Does not forward electrical interference signals to the other segment.
- Used to divide a network into separate broadcast domains to reduce network traffic.
- Hub:
- Connects multiple segments of the same network.
- Does not amplify the incoming signal.
- Used to connect computers to a network using Star topology.
- Switch:
- Connects multiple computers in a network or different segments of the same network.
- Forwards data frames to the destination computer based on the MAC address.
- Does not broadcast data, reducing network traffic.
- Router:
- Connects heterogeneous networks using different technologies, media, and physical addressing schemes.
- Determines the shortest or fastest route in a network and routes packets accordingly.
- Gateway:
- Connects two dissimilar networks, converting packets between different protocols.
- Can be implemented in hardware, software, or both.
This quiz covers the basics of computer networks, including the communication process, sender and receiver, language, and medium used to establish communication.
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