Introduction to Computers: Data and Information

BitLocker Drive Encryption is a data protection feature in Windows 10 that encrypts entire drives to prevent unauthorized access.

Shredding important documents, safely managing personal documents, avoiding sharing sensitive information, and ensuring online purchases are made on secure sites.

<p>A workbook is a file containing multiple worksheets for data organization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The SUM function adds up a range of numbers.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The TODAY() function returns the current date.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>'sudo' allows authorized users to execute commands with superuser privileges.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Use the 'mkdir' command followed by the desired directory name.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A pivot table is a powerful data analysis tool that summarizes and rearranges data from a source table into a new table.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The 'ls' command lists the files and directories in the current working directory.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A desktop environment provides a complete user interface while a window manager only manages the placement of windows.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The source code is freely available to anyone, allowing for examination, evaluation, and modification.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>integrity of the author's source code</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ability to modify and customize the software</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Its source code is hidden from the outside world, and usage and copying are often restricted.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>FAT</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The difference is in the number of block references they can use: FAT12 can use up to 4096, FAT16 can use up to 65536, and FAT32 can use up to 4294967296.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To serve as a starting point for user-initiated repair and recovery options.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Two consecutive unexpected shutdowns within two minutes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>DHCP stands for Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, which automatically assigns IP addresses to computers on a network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A LAN is a group of devices connected using high-speed connections within a localized network infrastructure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Confidentiality, integrity, and availability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Identity theft involves someone impersonating another individual to obtain their personal information.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Shoulder surfing</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To gain unauthorized access to computer systems, networks, or data for illegal purposes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A DDOS attack is a cyber attack where a hacker floods a targeted server with requests from multiple compromised machines.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Data can be defined as the stream of raw facts representing events that occur in an organization or the physical environment. Information is the data that has been shaped into a form that is meaningful and useful for human beings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A computer is a device that works under the control of stored instructions, automatically accepting input, storing, and processing data to produce information according to the instructions available.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Users (People)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In the context of computer hardware, a 'device' refers to any individual piece of hardware used by the computer, such as a keyboard, monitor, modem, or mouse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary function of the processor is to organize and carry out instructions received from users or software.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Input devices accept data and instructions from users or other computer systems, allowing users to provide information to the computer for processing.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>off</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Software is a set of instructions that makes the computer perform tasks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>System Software is responsible for controlling the computer's hardware or maintaining the computer to run more efficiently. Two main types are Operating Systems and Disk Utilities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Disk Utilities perform specialized functions such as managing disks and troubleshooting hardware problems, enhancing the usability and stability of the computer system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Supercomputers and Mainframes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Network servers are centralized computers that manage and distribute resources, files, and applications across a network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Input devices are hardware used to provide input to the computer, translating words, sounds, images, and actions into symbols that the system unit can process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The QWERTY layout is the standard arrangement of keys on a keyboard, named after the first six letters on the top row: Q, W, E, R, T, and Y.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Shift key is used to switch between lowercase and uppercase letters and to access symbols and characters located above the number keys.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Ctrl key is used to perform special operations in combination with other keys and executes specific commands.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clarity of the monitor</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) Monitor</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The CPU interprets instructions and processes data, coordinating operations of all parts of the computer.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ALU performs arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, and handles logic operations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Computer storage retains digital data used for computing for specific intervals of time.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ROM is nonvolatile memory meant for permanent storage, while RAM is volatile memory used for temporary storage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Solid-state storage devices rely on integrated circuits to store data and do not have moving parts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Advantages include faster access, no moving parts, non-volatile storage, and energy efficiency.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blu-ray offers higher storage capacity and superior video and audio quality compared to DVDs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two main types of software are System Software and Application Software.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The operating system acts as an intermediary between the computer's hardware, application programs, and the user.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Linux</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Manage computer resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Utilities are programs that extend the capabilities of the operating system, providing new features.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Application software is designed to accomplish specific user tasks, while system software manages the computer's hardware.</p> Signup and view all the answers