Introduction to Computer Science Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is one function of backup utility programs?

  • To organize files into folders
  • To restore a computer to a previous state (correct)
  • To speed up the computer
  • To protect against identity theft
  • Who independently developed the integrated circuit in 1958?

  • Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce (correct)
  • Alan Turing and John von Neumann
  • Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak
  • Tim Berners-Lee and Bill Gates
  • Antivirus programs are unnecessary for computer security.

    False (B)

    The IBM System/360 introduced the concept of computer families.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name two common security concerns for computer users.

    <p>Viruses, identity theft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the first commercially available microprocessor?

    <p>Intel 4004</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Operating systems in the future will likely be primarily driven by a __________ interface.

    <p>voice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Apple I was created by ________ and ________.

    <p>Steve Wozniak, Steve Jobs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following security programs with their purposes:

    <p>Antivirus = Detects and removes malware Antispyware = Protects against spyware tracking Firewall = Blocks unauthorized access Backup Utility = Creates copies of data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which operating system did the first IBM PC feature?

    <p>MS-DOS (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Apple Macintosh was the first PC to use a command line interface.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who invented the World Wide Web?

    <p>Tim Berners-Lee</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following inventions with their significance:

    <p>Integrated Circuit = Allowed multiple components on a single chip IBM System/360 = Standardized commercial computing Intel 4004 = Began the microcomputer revolution Apple Macintosh = Introduced a graphical user interface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What major invention did Herman Hollerith create in 1890?

    <p>Punched card machine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ada Lovelace is considered the first computer programmer.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who conceptualized the Turing Machine?

    <p>Alan Turing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____ replaced vacuum tubes in computers, marking a major revolution in electronics.

    <p>transistor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary purpose of the ENIAC?

    <p>General-purpose electronic calculations (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following inventions to their inventors:

    <p>Analytical Engine = Charles Babbage Punched Card Machine = Herman Hollerith Transistor = Bell Labs ENIAC = John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Mainframe computers of the 1950s were small enough to fit on a desk.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant impact did transistors have on modern computers?

    <p>They made computers smaller, faster, and more reliable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the final grade is determined by the Midterm Examination?

    <p>20% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A student receives a final grade of 2.00 if they score between 83.4 to 86.6.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the weight of the 'Outputs/Portfolio' in the Lecture grading system?

    <p>25%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The final grade is calculated using the formula: FINAL GRADE = (Lecture * _____) + (Laboratory * _____).

    <p>60%, 40%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum percentage required to avoid a failing grade (5.00)?

    <p>50% (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match each grading criterion with its corresponding weight in the Lecture grading system:

    <p>Attendance = 10% Quizzes/Long Exams = 15% Final Examination = 20% Midterm Examination = 20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A student automatically passes the course if they have unexcused absences that total less than 20% of the total class hours.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total number of laboratory hours for a semester in the BSCS program?

    <p>108 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which program focuses on the design, writing, and modification of software components?

    <p>Bachelor of Science in Computer Science (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The BS Information Systems program emphasizes the study of hardware technologies.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key difference between graduates of BSIS and BSIT?

    <p>BSIS focuses on information systems in organizations, while BSIT focuses on information technology infrastructure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Graduates of the BS Information Technology program are trained to address various user needs involving the selection, development, application, integration, and __________ of computing technologies.

    <p>management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following degrees with their primary focus:

    <p>BSIS = Information systems and organizational technology BSIT = Information technology infrastructure management BSCS = Software design and development BSBA = Business administration and management</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary goal of graduates from the BSCS, BSIS, and BSIT programs?

    <p>To engage in life-long learning and contribute to national development (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    IS professionals serve as a bridge between technical and management/user communities in an organization.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What essential skill set do BSIS graduates need to possess?

    <p>A sound understanding of organizational principles and practices.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary focus of Information Technology (IT) programs?

    <p>Managing information technology infrastructure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Computer Engineering primarily deals with the integration of software and hardware components.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What skill sets does the Data Science program aim to equip its graduates with?

    <p>Mathematics, statistics, machine learning, and databases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    IS professionals help organizations gain a competitive advantage by effectively utilizing information and __________.

    <p>technology-enabled business processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Babbage's Analytical Engine

    An early mechanical computer design with features like an ALU, memory and instructions from punched cards.

    Ada Lovelace

    First computer programmer, wrote the first algorithm for a mechanical computer.

    Hollerith Tabulating Machine

    A punched card machine that used electrical circuits to quickly process data, particularly for the US Census.

    Turing Machine

    A theoretical device capable of performing any calculation with instructions, a key concept in algorithms.

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    ENIAC

    The first electronic general purpose computer, using vacuum tubes for calculations.

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    Transistors

    Replaced vacuum tubes, leading to smaller, faster, and more reliable computers.

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    Mainframe Computers

    Large computers used by government and corporations for calculations.

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    First general-purpose electronic computer

    ENIAC is credited to being the first electronic general-purpose computer.

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    Integrated Circuit (IC)

    A single silicon chip containing multiple transistors and components, drastically reducing computer size and cost.

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    IBM System/360

    A family of compatible mainframe computers enabling businesses to upgrade software without losing investments.

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    Intel 4004 Microprocessor

    The first commercially available microprocessor (CPU on a single chip), initiating the microcomputer revolution.

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    Apple I

    A hobbyist computer kit, one of the first personal computers with a display and keyboard.

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    IBM PC

    IBM's first personal computer, using an Intel microprocessor and MS-DOS, widely adopted.

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    Apple Macintosh

    First personal computer with a GUI (graphical user interface) and mouse, making computers more accessible.

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    World Wide Web

    A system of interconnected documents and resources, revolutionizing global information access and sharing.

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    Microprocessor

    Central processing unit (CPU) on a single integrated circuit (IC).

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    Computer Backup

    Creating a copy of computer data for restoration in case of loss or damage.

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    Backup Methods

    Backing up data can be done manually or using utility programs.

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    Security Programs

    Software to protect computers from viruses, spyware, and other threats.

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    Antivirus Program

    Software that protects computers from viruses.

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    Future OS Features

    Future operating systems will likely have voice, touch, and gesture interfaces, improved stability, and better data synchronization.

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    OS Stability/Healing

    Future operating systems will likely include improvements to automatically fix problems.

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    Internet-based Computing

    Future operating systems may be primarily used to access software from the internet.

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    Data Synchronization

    Operating systems will likely include features for smoothly combining data from various devices.

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    Strategic Advantage

    A situation where a business has a competitive edge over its rivals, often achieved through better use of information and technology.

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    IT Infrastructure

    The foundation of an organization's technology, including hardware, software, networks, and databases that support its operations.

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    Computing Solutions

    Software and technology that address the specific needs and challenges of an organization.

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    BSCS Grading System

    The grading system for the Bachelor of Science in Computer Science program, combining lecture and laboratory components.

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    Data Science

    An interdisciplinary field that analyzes large sets of data to extract meaningful insights and patterns for informed decision-making.

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    Actionable Insights

    Data-driven knowledge that helps organizations make strategic decisions and improve their performance.

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    Lecture Grade Weight

    60% of the overall grade in BSCS comes from lecture components.

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    Laboratory Grade Weight

    40% of the overall grade.

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    Final Grade Calculation

    Final grade equals the weighted average of lecture and laboratory grades.

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    Grading Scale

    A scale of letter grades corresponding to numerical ranges used for evaluating students' performance.

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    CMO No. 25

    Sets policies and guidelines for computing programs like BSCS, BSIS, and BSIT.

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    BSCS Program Focus

    Focuses on computing concepts, algorithms, software design, and software engineering practices.

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    Total Class Hours

    Measures the total learning time for a semester, differentiating between lecture (18 hrs) and lab (108 hrs)

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    BSIS Program Goal

    Prepares students to use information technology effectively within organizations, helping them implement information systems that consider various organizational factors.

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    BSIT Program Goal

    Prepares students to use both hardware and software technologies efficiently, addressing various user needs within an organization by integrating and managing computing technologies.

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    BSIS Program Outcome

    Graduates can help organizations determine how information and technology can be used strategically to gain a competitive advantage.

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    BSIT Program Outcome

    Graduates can address various user needs involving the selection, development, application, integration, and management of computing technologies within an organization.

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    What does BSIS focus on?

    The BS Information Systems program focuses on the application and effect of information technology to organizations.

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    What does BSIT focus on?

    The BS Information Technology program focuses on the utilization of both hardware and software technologies in planning, installing, customizing, operating, managing, and maintaining IT infrastructure.

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    Common Goal of BSCS, BSIS, and BSIT

    Graduates are expected to become globally competent, innovative, and socially and ethically responsible computing professionals.

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    What is the ultimate goal of these programs?

    To prepare graduates to contribute to the country's national development goals through their expertise in computing.

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    Study Notes

    Introduction to Computing

    • This presentation introduces computing, covering data, information, and software.
    • Data is raw, unorganized facts or figures, like numbers, text, or images.
    • Data lacks immediate meaning; processing is needed to derive useful information.
    • Binary data uses only 0 and 1, while non-binary data has multiple states.
    • Converting data into information involves analyzing, organizing and adding context.
    • Information is meaningful, derived from processed data.
    • Information can be used for decision-making and answering questions.
    • Knowledge is the understanding of information, leading to actionable insights.
    • The input-process-output (I-P-O) model describes a computer's functioning in terms of input, processing, storage and output.

    Data Representations

    • Binary data uses bits (0 or 1) to store and process information, fundamental to computer operations.
    • Non-binary data has multiple states beyond 0 and 1.

    Transforming Data into Information

    • Information is structured, analyzed data presented meaningfully.
    • The process of transforming data to information involves converting raw data into a useful form.

    Data Processing

    • The input-process-output (I-P-O) model describes the input, processing, storage, and output stages of computer action.
    • Feedback loops are crucial for effective data processing.

    Stages of Data Processing

    • The five stages are collection, preparation, input, processing, and output/interpretation.
    • Data storage is also a critical component of the process.

    Systems

    • Systems are groups of interconnected components working together.
    • Components interact and complement each other.
    • Interfaces exist between components and with their surrounding environments.

    Characteristics of a System

    • Systems consist of interconnected parts working towards a shared goal.
    • They interact with each other through various interfaces.
    • A system's boundaries separate it from its environment.
    • A system can be a component of a larger system, or can consist of smaller subsystems.

    Elements of a Computer System

    • Hardware consists of physical components like the CPU, storage and peripherals.
    • Peopleware refers to the human aspects that use and interact with the system.
    • Software refers to machine coded instructions used by the computer's hardware.

    Introduction to Software

    • Software is the non-physical parts of a computer system, which provides instructions.

    Types of Software

    • System software manages computer operations, and includes; Operating Systems, Device Drivers, Firmware, Utility Software, Command Line Interface, Virtual Machine Managers.
    • Application software performs specific tasks or solves problems.
    • Examples include word processing software, spreadsheets, database management systems, web browsers, multimedia software, graphics and design software, and project management software.
    • Development software helps programmers with tasks like creating, testing, or maintaining applications.

    Software Development Life Cycle

    • Ideation; brainstorming solutions.
    • Requirements; gathering needs from stakeholders.
    • Design; outlining the structural architecture of the software.
    • Development; coding according to the design plan.
    • Testing; Evaluating quality and identifying defects.

    Types of Software Development

    • Frontend developers build user interfaces, such as the visual part of a website.
    • Backend developers manage the logic of systems and manage user input.
    • Full-stack developers are skilled in both frontend and backend development.

    Computer Language

    • Machine language, the lowest level programming language, is primitive, in numerical form.

    Assembly Language

    • Assembly language is a low-level language and closer to machine language.

    High-Level Language

    • High-level languages are easier for humans to read, use and maintain.

    Compiler

    • Translates high-level code into machine code before running the program.

    Interpreter

    • Translates high-level code into machine code line-by-line

    Evolution of Computing

    • The presentation traces the history of computing from early tools to modern advancements.
    • Key figures and innovations that influenced the computing field are highlighted.

    History of Computing (Time Periods)

    • Abacus (Ancient civilizations)
    • Slide Rule (1620)
    • Pascaline (1642)
    • Leibniz's Calculator (1672)
    • Jacquard Loom (1801)
    • Analytical Engine (1837)
    • Ada Lovelace's Algorithm (1843)
    • Hollerith Tabulating Machine (1890)
    • Turing Machine (1936)
    • ENIAC (1939-1944)
    • Transistors (1947)
    • Mainframe Computers (1950s)

    Integrated Circuits (1958)

    IBM System/360 (1964)

    Intel 4004 Microprocessor (1971)

    Apple 1 (1976)

    IBM PC (1981)

    Apple Macintosh (1984)

    World Wide Web (1990)

    Smartphones (2000s)

    Cloud Computing and Al (2010s)

    Quantum Computing & Edge Computing (2020s)

    History of Algorithms

    • Al-Khwarizmi (9th century) is the father of modern algorithms.
    • Newton-Raphson Method (17th century)
    • Euler's Graph Theory(18th century)
    • Turing Machines (1930s)

    Simplex Algorithm(1950s)

    Dijkstra's Shortest Path Algorithm

    Quicksort Algorithm

    RSA Algorithms

    Genetic Algorithms

    Key Figures in Computing

    • Charles Babbage- Father of Computing
    • Ada Lovelace- First Computer Programmer
    • Alan Turing- Father of Modern Computing & Al
    • John von Neumann- Father of Modern Computer Architecture
    • George Boole- Father of Boolean Logic

    Operating Systems

    • System software controls the computer and manages activities within it.
    • The operating system acts as an intermediary between the user, application programs and hardware.
    • Key Functions include; interfacing with users (via GUI), booting the computer, configuring devices, managing network connections, managing and monitoring resources and jobs, file management, and security.

    Processing Techniques for Increased Efficiency

    • Multitasking
    • Multithreading
    • Multiprocessing and Parallel Processing
    • Memory Management (RAM and Virtual Memory)
    • Buffering and Spooling.

    Differences Among Operating Systems

    • Command Line Interface (CLI)
    • Graphical User Interface (GUI)

    Categories of Operating Systems for personal computers and servers

    DOS (Disk Operating System)

    Windows

    Mac OS

    Unix

    Linux

    Chrome OS

    Embedded Operating Systems for Mobile Phones

    Utility Programs

    • Utility programs handle specific tasks, like file management and ensuring system security.

    File Management Programs

    • Tools to organize, copy, move, and delete files.
    • Search tools aid in finding files.
    • Diagnostic tools help manage system issues.

    The Future of Operating Systems

    • Improvements in user-friendliness, stability, and security are anticipated.
    • Operating systems will likely rely on voice interaction.

    Computing Disciplines

    • Computer Science (CS)
    • Information Systems (IS)
    • Information Technology (IT)
    • Computer Engineering (CpE)
    • Data Science

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    Introduction to Computing PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on key concepts in computer science, including the development of integrated circuits, operating systems, and early computer inventions. This quiz covers notable figures and significant advancements in the field, offering a comprehensive overview for learners.

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