13 Questions
What is a computer programme?
A computer programme is a sequence of instructions written using a Computer Programming Language to perform a specified task by the computer.
What is the purpose of a programming environment?
Programming Environment setup provides the base on which programming can be done, including tools like compilers, text editors, and integrated development environments (IDEs).
How can pseudocode be defined?
Pseudocode is a simple way of describing a set of instructions without using specific syntax, often used as a planning tool before writing actual code.
What are flowcharts used for in programming?
Flowcharts are diagrams that represent a set of instructions using standard symbols, illustrating the flow or sequence of a process or algorithm.
What are the common elements found in pseudocode?
Common elements in pseudocode include keywords like INPUT, OUTPUT, WHILE, FOR, REPEAT - UNTIL, IF - THEN - ELSE, used to represent actions like user input, output, loops, and decision-making.
What are files and folders used for on a computer?
Files and folders help to keep the computer organized by storing and organizing documents.
What are some default folders in Windows?
Videos
How can you create a folder on Windows?
You can create a folder by right-clicking, selecting 'New' and then 'Folder', and naming the folder.
_____ key is used as a keyboard modifier to generate a capital letter or a symbol.
Shift
Caps Lock key, when enabled, causes all letters typed to be lowercase.
False
What does the Num Lock key enable/disable on the keyboard?
Numeric pad
What type of actions can the function keys (F keys) perform?
Function keys perform actions like saving files, printing data, or refreshing a page.
What do the F1 through F12 keys represent on a standard keyboard?
Function keys
Study Notes
What is a Computer Programme?
- A computer programme is a sequence of instructions written using a computer programming language to perform a specified task by the computer.
What can Computer Programme do?
- A computer programme can perform a specified task, which can be executed by the computer.
- The programming environment consists of:
- Text editor to create the programme
- Compiler to compile the programme into binary format
- Interpreter to execute the programme
- Integrated Development Environment (IDE) to set up and manage the programme
Programming Basics
- Data types: variables, keywords, operators, and functions
- Variables: store and hold values
- Keywords: predefined words with specific meanings
- Operators: perform operations on variables and values
- Functions: reusable blocks of code that perform a specific task
What is an Algorithm?
- An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure to resolve a problem.
- It consists of a set of instructions that can be written in a programming language or represented using a flowchart.
Pseudocode and Flowcharts
- Pseudocode: a simple way of describing a set of instructions without specific syntax.
- Flowchart: a diagram that represents a set of instructions using standard symbols.
- Understanding the problem:
- Identifying inputs and outputs
- Determining the order of instructions
- Making decisions and repeating steps
- Identifying any repeated areas
Pseudocode Examples
- INPUT: indicates user input
- OUTPUT: indicates output on the screen
- WHILE: a loop with a condition at the beginning
- FOR: a counting loop
- REPEAT-UNTIL: a loop with a condition at the end
- IF-THEN-ELSE: a decision-making selection
Flowchart Examples
- Planning a programme that asks people what the best subject they take is
- Algorithm for cleaning teeth
Files and Folders
- Files: computer documents saved in a specific format
- Folders: used to store and organize files
- Windows has pre-set folders: Documents, Music, Pictures, Videos
- Creating folders:
- Right-click, move mouse pointer to new, and then to folder, and click
- Select location, press Ctrl+Shift+N, and name the folder
- Opening folders:
- Double-click or right-click and select open
- Moving files and folders:
- Drag and drop, cut and paste, or copy and paste
- Renaming files and folders:
- Right-click and select rename, or select and press F2 key
- Deleting folders:
- Right-click and select delete, or select and press the "Delete" key
Keyboard Keys
- Shift key: allows users to type a single capital letter and change the top number keys to a symbol
- CAPS LOCK: toggles uppercase and lowercase typing
- Num Lock: enables and disables the numeric pad
- Function Keys (F1-F12): act as shortcuts for specific functions, such as saving files or refreshing a page
- FN key: used with function keys to provide shortcuts to performing actions, such as controlling screen brightness or turning Wi-Fi on/off
Learn about computer programmes, their functions, and the environment required for programming. Discover the role of compilers, interpreters, text editors, and IDEs in programming.
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