Questions and Answers
Which programming language was designed by Dennis Ritchie?
What year was Python designed?
Which of the following is NOT a programming language developed by Microsoft?
What is one of the main advantages of using pseudocode?
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Which of these is a guideline for writing pseudocode?
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What is the primary purpose of source code in programming?
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Which of the following languages is considered a low-level programming language?
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What task is NOT commonly involved in the programming process?
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Which statement best describes an algorithm?
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Which of these was the first widely-used high-level programming language?
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What does a compiler do in the programming process?
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Who is credited with creating the first program for the Analytical Engine?
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Which of the following tasks is part of maintaining a program's source code?
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Study Notes
Computer Programming Overview
- Design and construction of executable computer programs to perform specific tasks.
- Involves tasks like analysis, algorithm generation, profiling, implementation, testing, debugging, and maintenance.
- Executed in chosen programming languages, commonly referred to as coding.
Programming Languages
- Formal languages that provide sets of instructions for producing various outputs.
- Programming languages facilitate creation of programs that implement specific algorithms.
Source Code
- Collection of code, often with comments, written in human-readable programming languages.
- Transformed into binary machine code by assemblers or compilers for computer use.
Levels of Programming Languages
- Low-level Language: No abstraction from hardware; represented in binary machine instructions.
- High-level Language: Allows program writing independent of specific computer types.
Key Tasks in Computer Programming
- Analyzing requirements and designing algorithms.
- Profiling algorithms for accuracy and resource consumption.
- Implementing, testing, and debugging programs.
- Maintaining source code and managing build systems.
Algorithm Definition
- A self-contained sequence of actions for calculations, data processing, and automated reasoning tasks.
Historical Milestones in Computer Programming
- Analytical Engine: First programmable computer by Charles Babbage, program by Ada Lovelace.
- ENIAC: Introduced machine coding in 1943.
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High-Level Languages:
- FORTRAN: First widely-used high-level language, conceptualized in 1954 and implemented in 1957.
- COBOL: Developed in 1959, implemented in 1960.
- BASIC: Designed in 1964 for beginners.
- PASCAL: Created by Niklaus Wirth in 1970.
- C: Developed by Dennis Ritchie in 1972.
- C++: Introduced by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1985.
- Python: Designed in 1990 by Guido van Rossum.
- Subsequent languages include Perl (1987), Java (1995), and JavaScript (1995).
Pseudocode
- Utilizes short, English phrases to describe specific program tasks.
- Helps in logical flow during program development, enhancing communication among team members.
Pseudocode Guidelines
Do’s
- Use control structures and proper naming conventions.
- Indent to show logical flow and keep content simple and concise.
Don’ts
- Avoid abstract or overly generalized statements.
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Description
This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of computer programming, including the design and execution of programs, algorithm generation, and coding in different programming languages. It is aimed at those looking to understand the essential components and processes involved in programming tasks.
