Introduction to Computer Hardware

Worksheet 2.1: Introduction to Hardware

• Computer Operations: A computer performs operations according to a set of instructions.
• Storage Capacities:
• CD: 700 MB
• DVD: 4.7 GB
• Blu-ray Disc: 25 GB (single-layer), 50 GB (dual-layer)
• Computer Components: Input unit, Output unit, Storage unit, Processing unit.
• Graphic Tablet: An input device for drawing images and graphics.
• CPU Functionality: The CPU carries out processing tasks.
• CPU Components: Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) and Control Unit (CU).
• DVD Full Form: Digital Versatile Disk
• ALU Full Form: Arithmetic Logic Unit
• MICR Full Form: Magnetic Ink Character Reader
• RAID Full Form: Redundant Array of Independent or Inexpensive Disks
• LCD Full Form: Liquid Crystal Display
• Input Devices: Microphone, Keyboard, Digital Camera, Touch Screen, Joystick, Film Recorder, Scanner
• Output Devices: Speakers, Laser Printer, Touch Screen, Sound Card
• Data Input Process: Entering data and instructions into a computer.
• Data Processing: Converting raw data into meaningful information.

Worksheet 2.2: Introduction to Hardware

• Serial Port: For external modems and older computer mice.
• Ethernet Port: For connecting to a network and high-speed internet.
• Video Card Port: For connecting a monitor.
• USB Port: A new universal connector.
• Parallel Port: For scanners and printers.
• Parallel Port Identification: Port type.
• PS/2 Port Identification: Port type
• Video Card Port Identification: Port type
• USB Port Identification: Port type
• Computer Memory: Storage location for data.
• Byte Conversion: 1024 bytes = 1 Kilobyte (KB)
• RAM Functionality: Temporarily stores data while programs run.
• Hard Disk Functionality: Stores information long-term, even when the computer is off.
• Smart Card: Credit card-sized card with a microprocessor and memory for customer account information.
• Hard Disk Characteristics: A fixed computer storage medium. It's a non-volatile storage device.

Worksheet 2.2: Introduction to Hardware (Cont.)

• RAM vs. ROM:
• RAM (Random Access Memory): Volatile memory, stores data temporarily while a program is running, allows read/write access
• ROM (Read-Only Memory): Non-volatile memory, information stored is retained even without power, only allows read access
• Primary Memory vs. Secondary Memory:
• Primary Memory: Internal memory, temporarily stores data while programs are running. Examples include RAM
• Secondary Memory: External memory, stores information long-term after the computer is turned off. Examples include CDs, Hard Disks

Worksheet 2.3: Introduction to Hardware

• GUI Full Form: Graphical User Interface
• CRT Full Form: Cathode Ray Tube
• LED Full Form: Light Emitting Diode
• PDA Full Form: Personal Digital Assistant
• USB Full Form: Universal Serial Bus
• Peripherals: I/O devices attached to a computer.
• Volatile Memory Example: RAM
• Input Device for Games: Joystick
• Input/Output Device: Touch Screen
• Optical Disk (700 MB): Compact Disk (CD)
• Memory Device (No Moving Parts): Pen Drive
• Optical Disk (Higher Capacity): DVD
• Portable Storage Device: Pen Drive

This quiz covers the fundamental concepts of computer hardware, including computer operations, storage capacities of various media, and the components of a computer system. You will learn about input and output devices, as well as the functionality of the CPU and its components. Test your knowledge on these essential topics!