Introduction to Combinations and Syntax Highlighting

A sequence of characters enclosed in double quotes, used to represent text in programming.

The symbol << used in C++ to send data to an output stream.

A command that tells the program to display output on the screen.

Represents a special character that moves the cursor to the next line for subsequent output.

A special type of program written in C++ that tells the program what to do.

A special type of function in C++ that indicates the start of a program.

A whole number, including zero and negative numbers.

Code from existing libraries that can be used in your program.

The number of possible combinations for a set of bits. It is calculated as 2 raised to the power of the number of bits.

A sequence of binary digits (0s and 1s) used to represent data in a computer system.

A group of 8 bits, representing a single character or a small piece of data.

A unique address assigned to each byte in memory, allowing the computer to access it directly.

A number system that uses 16 unique symbols (0-9 and A-F) to represent values.

A number system that uses 10 unique symbols (0-9) to represent values.

The ability to access any byte in memory directly without needing to go through a sequence of other bytes.

A physical location in memory where a byte is stored.

Steps that lead to a solution to a problem, expressed in a specific sequence.

A set of rules to follow for solving problems, often used in computing.

Program instructions that highlight code elements (keywords, comments, etc.) using color.

A variable, used to store information that can change during the program's execution.

The process of taking input from the user, often using a keyboard or mouse.

Storing user input into a variable for later use.

Displaying output, usually to the console or screen, after processing input.

A character sequence ending a line, used for formatting output or user input.

A process in which you compare each character of a string to another, checking if they match. If they don't, you move on to the next character in the string.

The current position within the string being compared.

The character at a specific position within the string.

The character you are looking for in the string.

A value that acts as an index for the string to indicate where to start comparing.

Steps taken during the comparison process, such as reading a character, checking for matches, or updating positions.

The loop continues until you reach a match or find an empty character in the string.

Adjusting the current position to the next character in the string.

In programming, the assignment operator (=) assigns a value to a variable. This process happens from right to left, meaning the expression on the right side is evaluated first, and then the result is assigned to the variable on the left side.

In programming, the right-hand side of an assignment statement is evaluated first before the value is assigned to the variable on the left-hand side.

When a variable is assigned a new value, the old value stored in that variable is overwritten with the new value. Think of it as replacing the old content of a box with new content.

A temporary value is a copy of a variable's value used during calculations. It helps preserve the original value while the variable is being modified.

An expression is a combination of values, operators, and variables that results in a single value. It's like a recipe with ingredients and instructions that create a final dish.

A garbage value is an unknown or undefined value that might exist in a variable before its first assignment. It's an empty container awaiting a value.

Hardcoded values are fixed numbers or characters directly written into code. They are fixed and do not change during program execution.

A data type used to store text data. It is a sequence of characters enclosed in double quotes, such as "Hello World!".

In programming, a variable is a container that stores a specific value. It has a name and a data type, such as "int" for integers or "double" for numbers with decimal points.

A double data type is used to store numbers that include decimal points, such as 3.14 or 2.718. It allows for more precise representation of real numbers compared to integers.

In C++, the insertion operator (<<) is used to send data to the output stream, typically for displaying it on the screen. It's used with the cout object to print text or values.

The cout object in C++ is used to display output on the screen. It is often used with the insertion operator (<<) to print text or values.

In C++, the extraction operator (>>) is used to read data from the input stream, typically from the keyboard. It's used with the cin object to receive data from the user.

The cin object in C++ reads data from the input stream, usually the keyboard. It's used with the extraction operator (>>) to store user input into variables.

Garbage values are random, unpredictable values that can be stored in variables before they are initialized with meaningful data. They are often unexpected and can lead to incorrect program behavior.