Introduction to Cloud Computing
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Introduction to Cloud Computing

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What is a key difference in data privacy legislation between the United States and European countries?

  • The U.S. offers stronger protection of individual data rights.
  • European countries have more lenient data privacy laws.
  • American legislation allows government agencies broad access to confidential data. (correct)
  • European legislation does not allow any government access to personal data.

    • How does the location of Cloud data storage affect American organizations under suspicion?

  • Data stored in Europe is immune to American legal actions.
  • The U.S. government can easily access data stored in Europe.
  • The organization can choose whether to comply with U.S. laws.
  • Cloud storage in Europe may hinder U.S. government access to the data. (correct)

    • Which technology is NOT listed as a core technology that influenced the realization of Cloud computing?

  • Artificial Intelligence (correct)
  • Virtualization
  • Service-oriented computing
  • Distributed systems

    • What historical concept dates back to the early 1950s and is fundamental to Cloud computing?

    <p>Distributed computing facilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one reason governments and banks prefer private Clouds?

    <p>To maintain security and privacy for sensitive information</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following technologies plays a role in the evolution of Cloud computing?

    <p>Utility computing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characterizes hybrid Clouds in the context of IT solutions?

    <p>They combine public Cloud resources with private infrastructures to meet quality-of-service needs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the Cloud Computing Reference Model?

    <p>A layered view that organizes a variety of Cloud computing services offerings.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much does the federal government spend on IT, as mentioned?

    <p>$76 billion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of Cloud computing services includes tools for software development and deployment?

    <p>Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the speaker want to focus on instead of maintenance and scalability issues?

    <p>Application logic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the speaker's current situation regarding infrastructure?

    <p>They have excess infrastructure available.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the speaker mention the Global Cloud Marketplace?

    <p>To discuss the options for hosting applications.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the speaker's main requirement for accessing documents and photos?

    <p>Remote access capabilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the speaker express uncertainty about?

    <p>How long to rent infrastructure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of their new business is the speaker trying to avoid?

    <p>System maintenance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of services does the speaker offer with their existing infrastructure?

    <p>Application services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the speaker's financial situation?

    <p>They have just started their business with limited funds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Quality of Service (QoS) evaluate in a service?

    <p>A set of functional and non-functional attributes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a Service Level Agreement (SLA) in QoS?

    <p>To establish the minimum values for QoS attributes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Software as a Service (SaaS) benefit clients?

    <p>By eliminating maintenance responsibilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic defines the SaaS delivery model in comparison to traditional software delivery?

    <p>Multi-tenancy achieves economies of scale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Web Services (WS) primarily designed to do?

    <p>Expose functionalities accessible via method invocation patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was inherited from the Application Service Providers (ASPs) in the SaaS model?

    <p>The subscription or rental basis for software</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary benefit of Service-Oriented Computing?

    <p>Complex business processes can be delivered as a service</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a QoS attribute?

    <p>Graphic design quality</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a primary characteristic of Cloud computing as described?

    <p>IT services are available as utilities.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology plays a significant role in the attractiveness of Cloud computing?

    <p>Web 2.0 technologies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advantage does Cloud computing offer regarding IT resources?

    <p>Dynamic provisioning of IT resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the main benefits of the standardization of foundational technologies in Cloud computing?

    <p>Realization of an open environment for computing services</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Cloud computing allow users to manage their services?

    <p>Using flexible, internet-connected access from any device</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best describes the payment model of Cloud computing?

    <p>Pay as needed without long-term commitments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does virtualization play in Cloud computing?

    <p>It provides necessary control and flexibility.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement reflects a misconception about Cloud computing?

    <p>Cloud computing is only for large enterprises.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of service provides virtualized servers, storage, and networking?

    <p>Infrastructure as a Service</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of Software as a Service?

    <p>Google Documents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor influences the pricing model for Infrastructure as a Service?

    <p>Characteristics of virtual hardware</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of Infrastructure as a Service, what is typically considered raw disk space?

    <p>Virtual storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT classified as a Platform as a Service?

    <p>Salesforce</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of virtual machines in Infrastructure as a Service?

    <p>To deliver compute on demand</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of applications falls under Software as a Service?

    <p>End-user applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic of virtual hardware usually regulates costs in the Infrastructure as a Service model?

    <p>The specifications of virtual machines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Introduction to Cloud Computing

    • Computing is being transformed into a service model similar to utilities (water, electricity).
    • Users access services based on needs, regardless of location.
    • Cloud computing is the latest approach to utility computing.
    • It's a technological advancement in designing, developing, and using existing services for software building.
    • Dynamic provisioning of computing, storage, networking, and IT infrastructure.
    • Resources are offered on a pay-per-use basis via the internet.
    • Cloud services are readily available to anyone with a credit card.
    • Infrastructure can be rapidly deployed and scaled according to demand.
    • The chapter explores Cloud computing's vision, features, technological developments, and insights into its environments.

    Cloud Computing at a Glance

    • In 1969, Leonard Kleinrock envisioned "computer utilities" serving homes and offices nationally.
    • This vision anticipated today's Cloud computing model.
    • Cloud computing services are readily available on demand, much like water, electricity, telephone, and gas.

    Mastering Cloud Computing

    • Consumers don't need complex IT infrastructure to access services.
    • Services are accessed based on requirements without location restrictions.
    • Cloud computing leverages virtualization for resource consolidation.
    • Cloud computing offers pay-per-use access to compute, storage, and services.
    • Cloud computing provides flexible and dynamic IT resources.
    • Cloud computing can be used to integrate additional capacity and features into existing systems.
    • There's a growing trend in standardizing and consolidating underlying technologies that support cloud systems.

    The Vision of Cloud Computing

    • Cloud computing allows users to provision virtual hardware, runtime environments, and services.
    • Subscription-based access is available without upfront commitments.
    • Services are used on demand, and maintenance is minimal.
    • A collection of utilities can be put together in hours, not days, for application deployment.

    A Closer Look

    • Cloud computing impacts various sectors like enterprises, governments, and research organizations.
    • Enterprises can offload tasks to Cloud-based systems, like converting archives.
    • Startups and small businesses can quickly turn ideas into functioning services using minimal upfront capital.
    • System developers can manage tasks and focus on business logic instead of complex infrastructure handling.
    • End users benefit from accessing documents from anywhere via any device.

    Defining a Cloud

    • Cloud computing is a popular term for various aspects (technologies, services, concepts).
    • Often associated with virtualized infrastructure, IT outsourcing, and software as a service.
    • The diagram displays major concepts in Cloud computing (Fig. 1.2).

    Cloud-Computing Reference Model

    • Cloud computing allows varied services, categorized as IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS.
    • There are layers from infrastructure (hardware) to application (software).
    • This model helps understand the wide variety of services and underlying technologies in a layered approach (Fig. 1.5).

    Building Cloud Computing Environments

    • Development of Cloud-based applications and systems involves creating frameworks and platforms that support Cloud solutions.
    • Web-based applications are particularly well-suited for cloud-based development due to their responsiveness to dynamically changing user demand.
    • Resource-intensive applications also benefit from the scalability and dynamism of cloud computing.
    • Cloud computing makes it simple to scale up or down computing resources, storage, and networking.

    Cloud Computing Platforms and Technologies

    • Large organizations are benefiting from replicating Cloud service delivery models in-house.
    • This approach leads to more efficient and secure use of computing facilities.
    • Cloud computing models are applicable to various business and institutional domains.
    • Examples include Amazon Web Services (AWS), Google App Engine, and Microsoft Azure.

    Distributed Systems

    • Cloud computing facilities provide services to third parties, as a single coherent system.
    • The architecture includes mainframes, clusters, and grids, each contributing to Cloud's eventual expansion.
    • Mainframes: Early powerful, reliable computers for bulk data processing (e.g., bank transactions).
    • Clusters: Cheap commodity computers connected by high-speed networks for scalable computing.
    • Grids: A dynamic network of heterogeneous computing nodes, scaling beyond the power of a single cluster.

    Utility-Oriented Computing

    • Computing resources are offered on a pay-per-use basis and available as utilities.
    • The idea of "utility computing" was well-known before and underlies many of today's cloud computing offerings.
    • Early examples include mainframe providers offering computing resources.
    • Computing grids expanded the idea of a wider range of resource access with standardized interfaces.

    Review Questions

    • The questions are designed to test understanding of concepts related to cloud computing.

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    Related Documents

    Unit 1 Mastering Cloud Computing PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the fundamental concepts of cloud computing, including its service model, deployment, and scalability. Learn about its historical perspective and the technological advancements that have shaped modern cloud infrastructure. Understand how users can access and utilize cloud services based on their needs.

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