Introduction to Case-Based Reasoning

Innovation refers to the first practical economic application of an invention, while diffusion is the adoption and use of an innovation by a significant number of potential users.

The goal of R&D is to lead to new knowledge, possible inventions, and innovations.

The outcome of the process of innovation is technical change and technical progress.

<p>An invention is the first practical demonstration of the economic usefulness of an idea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The case illustrates the importance of considering what happens after the introduction of an invention or innovation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scientific research can lead to inventions, which can then lead to innovations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The outcome is significant changes in the ways and models of living, working, producing, consuming, studying, and communicating.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The focus is on what happens after the introduction of an invention or innovation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>scientific research, invention, and innovation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scientific researchers, producers of technical-scientific knowledge, theorists, experimenters, and thinkers</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>An inventor designs a new feasible technology, while an innovator finds the first practical economic application of an invention</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inventor, expert in technology, and experimenter</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inventor/innovator, expert in technology, experimenter, able to patent and find applications</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Innovator, expert in business, strategist, and developer of commercial use</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Innovations are based on technical-scientific knowledge, and scientific research lays the foundation for future innovations</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They may or may not be completely new outcomes, but can be the organic development and re-organization of existing concepts, notions, and ideas</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pioneers, such as physicists and early experimenters, play a crucial role in the innovation process by applying their technical-scientific knowledge to develop new ideas and products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Technical-scientific knowledge refers to the understanding of natural laws and phenomena, while technology is the applied knowledge in the form of products, services, or designed processes to perform a useful function.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Case-based reasoning involves reflecting on the roles of different people, their activities, and skills in the innovation process, using a specific case study, such as the history of the telephone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Gardiner Hubbard played a crucial role in the innovation process by supporting and financing the work of Graham Bell, enabling him to develop the telephone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Technical-scientific knowledge is a prerequisite for innovation, as it provides the foundation for developing new ideas and products.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary function of technology is to perform a useful function for humanity, by applying technical-scientific knowledge to develop products, services, or designed processes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Experimentation is a crucial step in the innovation process, as it allows pioneers to test and refine their ideas, applying technical-scientific knowledge to develop new products and services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Understanding the roles of different people, such as pioneers, financiers, and experimenters, is essential in identifying the key factors that contribute to successful innovation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Technological innovation and organizational/managerial innovation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Science (research), invention, and innovation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Each company can choose where to focus in the innovation process</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Different competencies and specializations</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A company that develops a new product and also changes its marketing strategy to promote it</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The person or company that developed the personal computer or the videogame</p> Signup and view all the answers