Introduction to Business Studies

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Questions and Answers

Which business structure is characterized by the owner having personal liability for business debts?

  • Limited Liability Company (LLC)
  • Partnership
  • Corporation
  • Sole Proprietorship (correct)

A company is deciding whether to invest in new technology for its production line, in this case, which area of business studies would primarily inform that decision?

  • Marketing Principles
  • Human Resource Management
  • Financial Accounting
  • Operations Management (correct)

Which factor would most likely lead to a decrease in the equilibrium price of a product?

  • A shift in consumer preferences towards the product
  • A decrease in supply and a decrease in demand
  • An increase in supply, holding demand constant (correct)
  • An increase in the cost of raw materials

A significant ethical lapse that results in environmental damage would primarily be a failure in what?

<p>Business Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A tech startup needs a business structure that offers limited liability while maintaining operational flexibility. Which structure is most suitable for this scenario?

<p>Limited Liability Company (LLC) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does understanding market structures, such as perfect competition or monopoly, primarily benefit a business?

<p>It guides strategic decision-making and competitive positioning. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a situation where the demand for organic produce increases while the supply remains constant, what is the likely immediate effect on price and quantity?

<p>Price increases, quantity increases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the least direct concern of Human Resources Management?

<p>Market Research (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does an increase in inflation typically impact business investment decisions?

<p>It increases uncertainty and may reduce investment. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company notices that when it increases the price of its product by 5%, the quantity demanded decreases by 10%. What does this indicate about the demand for the product?

<p>Demand is elastic. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which financial statement would you analyze to determine a company's ability to meet its short-term obligations?

<p>Balance Sheet (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A company uses straight-line depreciation for an asset. How does this method allocate the cost of the asset over its useful life?

<p>It allocates an equal amount of depreciation expense each year. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In management accounting, what is the primary purpose of variance analysis?

<p>To compare actual results to budgeted figures and identify deviations. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which element of the marketing mix involves decisions related to distribution channels and logistics?

<p>Place (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of market segmentation?

<p>To divide a broad consumer market into subgroups with similar needs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following activities is part of the 'selection' phase in human resource management?

<p>Screening candidates and making hiring decisions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of performance appraisals in performance management?

<p>To provide feedback and evaluate employee performance against set standards. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of supply chain management?

<p>To manage the flow of goods, information, and finances from suppliers to customers. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does EOQ (economic order quantity) help businesses determine?

<p>The ideal order size to minimize inventory costs. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In strategic management, what does SWOT analysis help a company assess?

<p>Its internal strengths and weaknesses, as well as external opportunities and threats. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to Porter's Five Forces, which force examines the power of customers to drive down prices?

<p>Bargaining power of buyers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which generic strategy involves offering products or services at the lowest cost compared to competitors?

<p>Cost leadership (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context of business, what does Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) primarily focus on?

<p>A company's commitment to operating ethically and sustainably, considering its impact on stakeholders. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Business Studies

The study of the operation, management, and organization of businesses.

Sole Proprietorship

A business owned and run by one person, with the owner personally liable for business debts.

Partnership

A business structure involving two or more individuals who agree to share in the profits or losses.

Corporation

A legal entity separate from its owners, providing limited liability.

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Limited Liability Company (LLC)

A business structure offering the limited liability of a corporation and the flexibility of a partnership.

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Cooperative

Owned and operated by a group of individuals for their mutual benefit.

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Supply and Demand

The economic model that determines market prices based on the amount of a product available and the desire for it.

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Business Ethics and CSR

Focuses on ethical decision-making and a business's impact on society and the environment.

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Perfect Competition

Many small firms; no single firm can influence market price.

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Monopoly

One dominant firm controls the entire market.

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Elasticity of Demand

The percentage change in quantity demanded divided by the percentage change in price.

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Income Statement

Reports a company's financial performance over a period of time (revenues, expenses, net income).

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Balance Sheet

Shows a company's assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific point in time; Assets = Liabilities + Equity.

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Cash Flow Statement

Tracks cash inflows and outflows, categorized into operating, investing, and financing activities.

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Depreciation

Allocation of an asset's cost over its useful life.

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Cost Accounting

Determining the cost of products or services.

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Budgeting

Creating a financial plan for the future.

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Variance Analysis

Compares actual results to budgeted figures.

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The 4Ps of Marketing

Product, Price, Place, and Promotion.

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Market Segmentation

Dividing a broad consumer market into subgroups.

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Recruitment and Selection

Attracting, screening, and hiring qualified candidates.

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Supply Chain Management

Managing the flow of goods, information, and finances.

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SWOT Analysis

Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats.

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Study Notes

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