Introduction to Biology

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Questions and Answers

What is chemotaxis and phototaxis?

Chemotaxis is the movement of organisms toward or away from chemicals, while phototaxis is the movement toward or away from light.

Describe the process of DNA duplication and cell division in single-celled organisms.

Single-celled organisms duplicate their DNA first, then the cell divides to form two new cells.

Explain the concept of homeostasis in organisms.

Homeostasis is the ability of an organism to maintain constant internal conditions.

What are macromolecules and how are they formed?

Macromolecules are large molecules formed by polymerization, combining smaller units called monomers. Signup and view all the answers

What are the four elements common to all living organisms?

The four elements common to all living organisms are oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen. Signup and view all the answers

What are some characteristics of living organisms according to the text?

Order, sensitivity to the environment, and movement in response to stimuli Signup and view all the answers

When did humans start to resemble how they do today?

In the last 200,000 years Signup and view all the answers

Define Biology according to the text.

The study of living organisms and their interactions with one another and their environments. Signup and view all the answers

Which field of study focuses on animals?

Zoology Signup and view all the answers

What is Microbiology according to the text?

The study of the structure and function of microorganisms. Signup and view all the answers

Explain the process of chemotaxis and provide an example of an organism that exhibits this behavior.

Chemotaxis is the movement of an organism toward or away from chemicals. An example of an organism that exhibits chemotaxis is bacteria moving towards nutrients. Signup and view all the answers

How do plants acquire energy, and what do they convert it into?

Plants capture energy from the sun through photosynthesis and convert it into chemical energy in food. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of organelles in a cell, and provide examples of two organelles.

Organelles are small structures within cells that perform specific functions. Examples of organelles include mitochondria and chloroplasts. Signup and view all the answers

Define macromolecules and explain how they are different from regular molecules.

Macromolecules are large molecules formed by polymerization. They are different from regular molecules as they consist of many smaller units called monomers. Signup and view all the answers

Name the four elements common to all living organisms and explain their significance.

The four elements common to all living organisms are oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen. These elements form the fundamental components of nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids. Signup and view all the answers

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